#METABOLOMICS WORKBENCH Ammons_DRCC_METADATA_031015 DATATRACK_ID:215 STUDY_ID:ST000150 ANALYSIS_ID:AN000237 VERSION 1 CREATED_ON 08-08-2023 #PROJECT PR:PROJECT_TITLE Association of Metabolic Profile and Microbiome in Chronic Pressure Ulcer Wounds PR:PROJECT_TYPE NMR metabolomic and 16S rRNA taxonomic profiling in chronic pressure ulcer PR:PROJECT_TYPE wounds PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY Chronic, non-healing wounds contribute significantly to the suffering of PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY patients with co-morbidities in the clinical population with mild to severely PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY compromised immune systems. Normal wound healing proceeds through a PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY well-described process. However, in chronic wounds this process seems to become PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY dysregulated at the transition between resolution of inflammation and PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY re-epithelialization. Bioburden in the form of colonizing bacteria is a major PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY contributor to the delayed headlining in chronic wounds such as pressure ulcers. PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY However how the microbiome influences the wound metabolic landscape is unknown. PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY Here, we have used a Systems Biology approach to determine the association PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY between the taxonomic and metabolomic profile of wounds colonized by bacteria. PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY Pressure ulcer biopsies were harvested from primary chronic wounds and bisected PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY into top and bottom sections prior to analysis of microbiome by pyrosequencing PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY and analysis of metabolome using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY spectroscopy. Bacterial taxonomy revealed that wounds were colonized PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY predominantly by three main phyla, but differed significantly at the genus PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY level. While taxonomic profiles demonstrated significant variability between PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY wounds, metabolic profiles shared significant similarity based on the depth of PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY the wound biopsy. Association between taxonomy and metabolic landscape indicated PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY significant wound-to-wound similarity in metabolite enrichment sets and PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY metabolic pathway impacts, especially with regard to amino acid metabolism. To PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a statistically robust PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY correlation between bacterial colonization and metabolic landscape within the PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY chronic wound environment. PR:INSTITUTE Montana State University PR:DEPARTMENT Chemistry and Biochemistry PR:LABORATORY Ammons and Copie PR:LAST_NAME Ammons PR:FIRST_NAME Mary Cloud PR:ADDRESS 103 CBB, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 PR:EMAIL mcammons@chemistry.montana.edu PR:PHONE 406-600-0301 PR:FUNDING_SOURCE NIH 1KO1GM103821-01 and 1RO3AR060995-01A1 PR:DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.21228/M8WW2P #STUDY ST:STUDY_TITLE Association of Metabolic Profile and Microbiome in Chronic Pressure Ulcer Wounds ST:STUDY_SUMMARY Chronic, non-healing wounds contribute significantly to the suffering of ST:STUDY_SUMMARY patients with co-morbidities in the clinical population with mild to severely ST:STUDY_SUMMARY compromised immune systems. Normal wound healing proceeds through a ST:STUDY_SUMMARY well-described process. However, in chronic wounds this process seems to become ST:STUDY_SUMMARY dysregulated at the transition between resolution of inflammation and ST:STUDY_SUMMARY re-epithelialization. Bioburden in the form of colonizing bacteria is a major ST:STUDY_SUMMARY contributor to the delayed headlining in chronic wounds such as pressure ulcers. ST:STUDY_SUMMARY However how the microbiome influences the wound metabolic landscape is unknown. ST:STUDY_SUMMARY Here, we have used a Systems Biology approach to determine the association ST:STUDY_SUMMARY between the taxonomic and metabolomic profile of wounds colonized by bacteria. ST:STUDY_SUMMARY Pressure ulcer biopsies were harvested from primary chronic wounds and bisected ST:STUDY_SUMMARY into top and bottom sections prior to analysis of microbiome by pyrosequencing ST:STUDY_SUMMARY and analysis of metabolome using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) ST:STUDY_SUMMARY spectroscopy. Bacterial taxonomy revealed that wounds were colonized ST:STUDY_SUMMARY predominantly by three main phyla, but differed significantly at the genus ST:STUDY_SUMMARY level. While taxonomic profiles demonstrated significant variability between ST:STUDY_SUMMARY wounds, metabolic profiles shared significant similarity based on the depth of ST:STUDY_SUMMARY the wound biopsy. Association between taxonomy and metabolic landscape indicated ST:STUDY_SUMMARY significant wound-to-wound similarity in metabolite enrichment sets and ST:STUDY_SUMMARY metabolic pathway impacts, especially with regard to amino acid metabolism. To ST:STUDY_SUMMARY our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a statistically robust ST:STUDY_SUMMARY correlation between bacterial colonization and metabolic landscape within the ST:STUDY_SUMMARY chronic wound environment. ST:INSTITUTE Montana State University ST:DEPARTMENT Chemistry and Biochemistry ST:LABORATORY Ammons ST:LAST_NAME Ammons ST:FIRST_NAME Mary Cloud ST:ADDRESS 103 CBB, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717 ST:EMAIL mcammons@chemistry.montana.edu ST:PHONE 406-600-0301 ST:SUBMIT_DATE 2015-03-10 #SUBJECT SU:SUBJECT_TYPE Human SU:SUBJECT_SPECIES Homo sapiens SU:TAXONOMY_ID 9606 SU:AGE_OR_AGE_RANGE 63|27|23|43 SU:GENDER Male|Female|Female|Male SU:HUMAN_RACE African American|African American|White, non-hispanic|African American SU:HUMAN_ETHNICITY Cerebral palsy, mental retardation, scoliosis, seizure disorder|Deep vein SU:HUMAN_ETHNICITY thrombosis, anemia, bipolar, herpes simplex virus|Urinary tract infection, SU:HUMAN_ETHNICITY anxiety, depression SU:HUMAN_LIFESTYLE_FACTORS None|Cerebral palsy, mental retardation, scoliosis, seizure disorder|Deep vein SU:HUMAN_LIFESTYLE_FACTORS thrombosis, anemia, bipolar, herpes simplex virus|Urinary tract infection, SU:HUMAN_LIFESTYLE_FACTORS anxiety, depression SU:HUMAN_MEDICATIONS Systemic:Bactrim Topical:None|None|Systemic:Vancomycin|Systemic:Doxycycline SU:HUMAN_MEDICATIONS Topical:Mesalt SU:HUMAN_NUTRITION Well nourished|G-tube fed, liquid only, malnourished|Well nourished|Inadequate SU:HUMAN_NUTRITION protein intake SU:SPECIES_GROUP Human #SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS: SUBJECT(optional)[tab]SAMPLE[tab]FACTORS(NAME:VALUE pairs separated by |)[tab]Additional sample data SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS P1T/P1B P1B Patient:Patient 1 SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS P1T/P1B P1T Patient:Patient 1 SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS P2T/P2B P2B Patient:Patient 2 SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS P2T/P2B P2T Patient:Patient 2 SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS P3T/P3B P3B Patient:Patient 3 SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS P3T/P3B P3T Patient:Patient 3 SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS P4T/P4B P4B Patient:Patient 4 SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS P4T/P4B P4T Patient:Patient 4 #COLLECTION CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY Samples were collected via punch biopsy from wound edge and sectioned into top CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY and bottom<br> CO:COLLECTION_PROTOCOL_COMMENTS Chronicity is defined as wounds lasting more than 30 days CO:SAMPLE_TYPE Tissue CO:COLLECTION_METHOD Punch biopsy CO:COLLECTION_LOCATION Wound Edge CO:COLLECTION_FREQUENCY Single Collection CO:VOLUMEORAMOUNT_COLLECTED 9-32 mg CO:STORAGE_CONDITIONS Flash frozen in liquid nitrogen, shipped on dry ice, stored at -80C<br> CO:TISSUE_CELL_IDENTIFICATION T=Top section B=Bottom section CO:TISSUE_CELL_QUANTITY_TAKEN 9-32mg #TREATMENT #SAMPLEPREP SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY Cold methanol/chloroform extraction SP:PROCESSING_METHOD Biopsy samples were resuspended in ice-cold 60% aqueous methanol and homogenized SP:PROCESSING_METHOD using a tissue homogenizer (Tissue Tearor™ Model 985370-395, Biospec Products SP:PROCESSING_METHOD Inc., Bartlesville, OK) set to 2-minute intervals of 10 seconds on and 5 seconds SP:PROCESSING_METHOD off SP:PROCESSING_STORAGE_CONDITIONS On ice SP:EXTRACTION_METHOD 1:1 aqueous chloroform SP:EXTRACT_CLEANUP Aqueous layers collected and lyophilized SP:EXTRACT_STORAGE Lyophilized samples were stored at -80C SP:SAMPLE_RESUSPENSION Resuspended in 10mM NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4 SP:ORGAN Skin SP:ORGAN_SPECIFICATION Chronic wound biopsy #CHROMATOGRAPHY #ANALYSIS AN:LABORATORY_NAME Copie Lab AN:ANALYSIS_TYPE NMR AN:SOFTWARE_VERSION Topspin version 3 AN:OPERATOR_NAME Brian Tripet AN:DETECTOR_TYPE cryoprobeTM #NMR NM:INSTRUMENT_NAME Bruker Avance III NM:INSTRUMENT_TYPE FT-NMR NM:NMR_EXPERIMENT_TYPE 1D 1H NM:SPECTROMETER_FREQUENCY 600 MHz NM:OFFSET_FREQUENCY 600 mHz NM:PRESATURATION_POWER_LEVEL cryoprobeTM NM:CHEMICAL_SHIFT_REF_CPD 10mM NaH2PO4/ Na2HPO4 #NMR_METABOLITE_DATA NMR_METABOLITE_DATA:UNITS mM/gm tissue NMR_METABOLITE_DATA_START Samples P1B P1T P2B P2T P3B P3T P4B P4T Factors Patient:Patient 1 Patient:Patient 1 Patient:Patient 2 Patient:Patient 2 Patient:Patient 3 Patient:Patient 3 Patient:Patient 4 Patient:Patient 4 1_3-dihydroxyacetone 0.1591 1_3-dimethylurate 0.0548 2-aminobutyrate 0.2581 0.1545 0.3645 0.6474 2-ethylacrylate 0.1548 0.2895 2-hydroxy-3-methylvalerate 0.2864 0.3806 0.2000 0.2810 2-hydroxybutyrate 0.1065 0.4548 2-hydroxyisocaproate 0.2452 0.1524 2-hydroxyphenylacetate 0.0774 2-Octenoate 0.6810 2-oxocaproate 0.1032 2-oxoglutarate 3.7742 0.0818 0.1903 2-phosphoglycerate 1.4682 12.1444 2.9613 1.3333 3_5-dibromotyrosine 0.1387 3-chlorotyrosine 0.1864 3-hydroxyisovalerate 0.2182 0.9667 0.1452 0.1636 0.2710 0.4526 0.1381 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate 0.0839 3-methyladipate 0.3000 3-methylxanthine 0.1516 4-pyridoxate 1.0333 0.2032 0.1136 0.3286 5-aminolevulinate 0.3476 6-hydroxynicotinate 0.1935 0.3381 Acetamide 0.0909 Acetate 1.5955 1.6778 1.5419 1.7727 1.4806 2.2316 1.7048 Acetoacetate 0.0935 0.1000 Acetone 0.2667 0.0591 0.0810 Adenine 0.6091 0.6545 1.0645 1.0368 0.4619 Adenosine 0.1355 Alanine 1.1636 2.1444 1.1065 0.8818 2.0484 2.7263 0.4762 Allantoin 4.5333 0.7484 0.7161 2.0053 1.1857 Alloisoleucine 0.3182 0.8111 0.3909 0.2161 0.9211 Anserine 0.1864 0.3129 0.6048 Arabinitol 0.3194 Arginine 0.3839 Ascorbate 0.9000 0.6682 0.3590 0.8429 Aspartate 0.8548 Betaine 0.1091 0.7333 0.0742 0.0955 0.2632 Butanone 0.1355 Butyrate 0.1258 0.1935 Choline 0.7222 0.2710 0.1364 0.6613 0.8684 0.2143 cis-Aconitate 0.7136 0.2484 Citrate 0.1452 Creatine 0.4955 0.5889 0.2645 0.1500 0.3742 0.2316 0.1667 Creatine phosphate 0.6222 0.2516 0.2000 0.3632 0.1476 Creatinine 0.2742 0.1909 0.3548 0.3316 Cysteine 0.7097 Dimethyl sulfone 0.0545 0.0419 Ethanol 3.6864 8.7111 2.5806 3.0182 2.8774 4.8842 3.1897 3.3857 Ethanolamine 0.6000 0.7484 Ethylene glycol 0.1364 0.1839 0.1452 0.2048 Ethylmalonate 0.2409 0.5000 0.4864 0.6211 0.1762 Formate 1.8591 5.4778 2.8129 2.2091 2.3000 3.3526 2.3286 Fucose 0.1290 Galactarate 0.5258 0.6421 Galactose 1.3387 0.8179 Glucarate 1.6158 Glucose 3.4182 7.3222 0.7677 1.4682 2.5484 2.3263 2.0308 2.6619 Glutamate 2.0955 0.4545 1.7839 2.4895 0.7571 Glutamine 0.8682 0.8032 Glutarate 0.1571 Glycerate 1.5318 Glycine 1.3727 0.7742 0.6318 1.1677 1.2105 0.6429 Glycolate 0.2864 0.8778 0.3387 0.4909 0.1226 0.7053 0.2619 GTP 0.2129 Guanidoacetate 0.2619 Homocysteine 0.2500 Homoserine 0.9682 0.7091 0.5129 0.8286 Hypoxanthine 0.4409 0.1710 0.5273 0.8097 0.7842 0.3476 Inosine 0.2864 0.2226 Isobutyrate 0.0516 Isocaproate 0.1136 0.1579 Isocitrate 0.8323 0.4714 Isoleucine 0.2545 Isovalerate 0.0818 Lactate 3.8000 8.1222 16.0419 7.5227 7.9129 12.7316 2.1590 2.2667 Leucine 0.1727 0.8000 0.0968 0.8194 0.5737 0.1429 Lysine 0.2839 Malate 0.4548 Maleate 0.1258 Malonate 0.1645 Methanol 5.2727 10.0111 3.8032 4.6091 7.1452 7.0000 2.7333 4.4905 Methionine 0.1048 Methylamine 0.1129 0.2000 Methylguanidine 0.1591 0.0806 0.1095 Methylmalonate 0.1591 0.1355 0.3524 myo-inositol 0.8818 0.4387 N-acetylcysteine 0.1419 0.1524 N-acetylglutamate 0.0903 N-acetylglutamine 0.0871 N-acetylglycine 0.1258 0.1048 N-acetylornithine 0.1161 N_N-dimethylformamide 0.0818 0.1789 O-acetylcarnitine 0.1581 O-acetylcholine 0.1387 O-phosphocholine 0.5636 0.4778 0.1871 0.8211 O-phosphoethanolamine 0.8613 1.2789 O-phosphoserine 0.9077 Oxypurinol 4.4182 3.9065 3.0692 Proline 0.8955 0.3762 Propionate 0.1682 Protocatechuate 0.2548 Pyridoxine 0.0548 Pyruvate 0.2581 0.1895 0.1571 Serine 1.0136 1.1452 0.9524 Succinate 0.1682 0.4111 0.0806 0.0636 0.1032 Succinylacetone 0.2381 Tartrate 1.6318 0.8387 1.0387 1.6421 1.0744 Taurine 1.6955 0.6806 0.5000 3.4935 4.2158 0.6048 Threonine 0.9452 Threophylline 0.1136 trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline 0.8667 trans-aconitate 0.1871 Treonate 1.1333 Trimethylamine N-oxide 0.0727 0.6333 0.0387 0.1545 0.0571 Tyramine 0.1452 Tyrosine 0.3818 0.0968 Uridine 0.5409 0.2452 Valerate 0.0742 Valine 0.3545 0.6000 0.5323 0.4636 0.7032 1.3053 0.2095 Valproate 0.0613 0.1591 0.2548 0.2474 Xanthosine 0.6111 Xylose 0.6864 NMR_METABOLITE_DATA_END #METABOLITES METABOLITES_START metabolite_name pubchem_id inchi_key kegg_id other_id other_id_type ri ri_type moverz_quant 1,3-dihydroxyacetone 670 C00184 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 1,3-dimethylurate 70346 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-aminobutyrate 6657 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-ethylacrylate UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-hydroxy-3-methylvalerate 10796774 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-hydroxybutyrate 11266 C05984 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-hydroxyisocaproate 92779 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-hydroxyphenylacetate 11914 C01983 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-Octenoate UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-oxocaproate UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-oxoglutarate 51 C00026 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 2-phosphoglycerate 59 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 3,5-dibromotyrosine 67532 C03224 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 3-chlorotyrosine 119226 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 3-hydroxyisovalerate 69362 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate 47 C03465 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 3-methyladipate 6999745 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 3-methylxanthine 70639 C16357 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 4-pyridoxate 6723 C00847 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 5-aminolevulinate 137 C00430 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID 6-hydroxynicotinate 72924 C01020 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Acetamide 178 C06244 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Acetate 176 C00033 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Acetoacetate 96 C00164 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Acetone 180 C00207 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Adenine 190 C00147 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Adenosine 60961 C00212 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Alanine 5950 C00041 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Allantoin 204 C01551 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Alloisoleucine 99288 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Anserine 112072 C01262 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Arabinitol 827 C01904 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Arginine 6322 C00062 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Ascorbate 54670067 C00072 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Aspartate 5960 C00049 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Betaine 247 C00719 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Butanone 6569 C02845 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Butyrate 20975673 C00246 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Choline 305 C00114 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID cis-Aconitate 643757 C00417 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Citrate 311 C00158 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Creatine 586 C00300 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Creatine phosphate 587 C02305 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Creatinine 588 C00791 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Cysteine 594 C00097 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Dimethyl sulfone 6213 C11142 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Ethanol 702 C00469 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Ethanolamine 700 C00189 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Ethylene glycol 174 C01380 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Ethylmalonate 70615 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Formate 284 C00058 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Fucose 19466 C01019 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Galactarate UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Galactose 6036 C00124 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Glucarate 33037 C00818 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Glucose 5793 C00031 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Glutamate UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Glutamine 5961 C00064 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Glutarate 743 C00489 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Glycerate 439194 C00258 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Glycine 750 C00037 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Glycolate 757 C00160 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID GTP 6830 C00044 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Guanidoacetate 763 C00581 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Homocysteine 778 C05330 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Homoserine 12647 C00263 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Hypoxanthine 790 C00262 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Inosine 6021 C00294 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Isobutyrate 6590 C02632 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Isocaproate 12587 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Isocitrate 1198 C00311 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Isoleucine 6306 C00407 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Isovalerate 10430 C08262 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Lactate 107689 C00186 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Leucine 6106 C00123 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Lysine 5962 C00047 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Malate 222656 C00149 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Maleate 444266 C01384 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Malonate 867 C00383 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Methanol 887 C00132 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Methionine 6137 C00073 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Methylamine UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Methylguanidine 10111 C02294 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Methylmalonate 487 C02170 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID myo-inositol 892 C00137 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID N-acetylcysteine 12035 C06809 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID N-acetylglutamate 70914 C00624 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID N-acetylglutamine 25561 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID N-acetylglycine 10972 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID N-acetylornithine 439232 C00437 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID N,N-dimethylformamide 6228 C03134 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID O-acetylcarnitine 1 C02571 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID O-acetylcholine 187 C01996 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID O-phosphocholine 135437 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID O-phosphoethanolamine 1015 C00346 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID O-phosphoserine 68841 C01005 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Oxypurinol 4644 C07599 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Proline 145742 C00148 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Propionate 1032 C00163 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Protocatechuate 72 C00230 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Pyridoxine 1054 C00314 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Pyruvate 1060 C00022 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Serine 5951 C00065 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Succinate 1110 C00042 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Succinylacetone 5312 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Tartrate 444305 C00898 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Taurine 1123 C00245 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Threonine 6288 C00188 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Threophylline UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline 11137200 C04397 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID trans-aconitate 444212 C02341 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Treonate UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Trimethylamine N-oxide 1145 C01104 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Tyramine 5610 C00483 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Tyrosine 6057 C00082 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Uridine 6029 C00299 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Valerate 7991 C00803 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Valine 6287 C00183 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Valproate UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Xanthosine 64959 C01762 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID Xylose 135191 C00181 UMontana_Ammons_Lab_ID METABOLITES_END #END