#METABOLOMICS WORKBENCH engelmab_20221206_025541 DATATRACK_ID:3631 STUDY_ID:ST002394 ANALYSIS_ID:AN003900 PROJECT_ID:PR001541
VERSION             	1
CREATED_ON             	December 7, 2022, 7:25 am
#PROJECT
PR:PROJECT_TITLE                 	Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis of DSS-treated murine intestinal
PR:PROJECT_TITLE                 	microbiota using continuous cultivation in bioreactors
PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY               	We cultivated murine faecal microbiota in six replicate continuous bioreactors.
PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY               	Three bioreactors were supplemented with 1% DSS and compared to the untreated
PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY               	control bioreactors.
PR:INSTITUTE                     	Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
PR:DEPARTMENT                    	Molecular Systems Biology
PR:LAST_NAME                     	Engelmann
PR:FIRST_NAME                    	Beatrice
PR:ADDRESS                       	Permoserstraße 15, Leipzipg, Saxony, 03418, Germany
PR:EMAIL                         	beatrice.engelmann@ufz.de
PR:PHONE                         	00493412351099
#STUDY
ST:STUDY_TITLE                   	Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis of DSS-treated murine intestinal
ST:STUDY_TITLE                   	microbiota using continuous cultivation in bioreactors
ST:STUDY_SUMMARY                 	We cultivated murine faecal microbiota in six replicate continuous bioreactors.
ST:STUDY_SUMMARY                 	Three bioreactors were supplemented with 1% DSS and compared to the untreated
ST:STUDY_SUMMARY                 	control bioreactors.
ST:INSTITUTE                     	Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
ST:DEPARTMENT                    	Molecular Systems Biology
ST:LAST_NAME                     	Engelmann
ST:FIRST_NAME                    	Beatrice
ST:ADDRESS                       	Permoserstraße 15, Leipzipg, Saxony, 03418, Germany
ST:EMAIL                         	beatrice.engelmann@ufz.de
ST:PHONE                         	00493412351099
#SUBJECT
SU:SUBJECT_TYPE                  	Bacteria
SU:SUBJECT_SPECIES               	Mus musculus
SU:TAXONOMY_ID                   	10090
#SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS:         	SUBJECT(optional)[tab]SAMPLE[tab]FACTORS(NAME:VALUE pairs separated by |)[tab]Raw file names and additional sample data
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	A_d11	Day:11 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	A_d12	Day:12 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	A_d13	Day:13 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	A_d14	Day:14 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	A_d15	Day:15 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	A_d18	Day:18 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	A_d19	Day:19 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	A_d20	Day:20 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	B_d11	Day:11 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	B_d12	Day:12 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	B_d13	Day:13 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	B_d14	Day:14 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	B_d15	Day:15 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	B_d18	Day:18 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	B_d19	Day:19 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	B_d20	Day:20 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	C_d11	Day:11 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	C_d12	Day:12 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	C_d13	Day:13 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	C_d14	Day:14 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	C_d15	Day:15 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	C_d18	Day:18 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	C_d19	Day:19 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	C_d20	Day:20 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	D_d11	Day:11 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	D_d12	Day:12 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	D_d13	Day:13 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	D_d14	Day:14 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	D_d15	Day:15 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	D_d18	Day:18 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	D_d19	Day:19 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	D_d20	Day:20 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	E_d11	Day:11 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	E_d12	Day:12 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	E_d13	Day:13 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	E_d14	Day:14 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	E_d15	Day:15 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	E_d18	Day:18 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	E_d19	Day:19 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	E_d20	Day:20 | Treatment:control	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	F_d11	Day:11 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	F_d12	Day:12 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	F_d13	Day:13 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	F_d14	Day:14 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	F_d15	Day:15 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	F_d18	Day:18 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	F_d19	Day:19 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS           	-	F_d20	Day:20 | Treatment:1%DSS	RAW_FILE_NAME=20191111_Jannike_A_B_C_D_E_F_11-20_Whg_Ret.wiff
#COLLECTION
CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY            	Samples were taken at day 1 and as a multiple of 24 h during the control phase
CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY            	(day 12-14) and the early (day 15) and late treatment phase (day 18 to day 20)
CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY            	from the bioreactors under unaerobic conditions.
CO:SAMPLE_TYPE                   	Feces
#TREATMENT
TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY             	Faecal pellets were isolated from the colon under aseptic conditions. Directly
TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY             	after collection, faecal pellets were stored at anaerobic conditions. The murine
TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY             	microbiota was cultivated in the chemostats from day 1 to day 13. At day 14, the
TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY             	bioreactors B, D and F were spiked with 1% DSS.
#SAMPLEPREP
SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY            	In brief, 20 µl of each sample was mixed with ACN to a final concentration of
SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY            	50 %. SCFAs were derivatized with 200 mM 3-nitrophenylhydrazine and 120 mM
SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY            	N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N‘-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride in pyridine and
SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY            	then diluted in 10 % ACN.
#CHROMATOGRAPHY
CH:CHROMATOGRAPHY_TYPE           	Reversed phase
CH:INSTRUMENT_NAME               	Thermo Dionex Ultimate 3000 RS
CH:COLUMN_NAME                   	Waters Acquity BEH C18 (100 x 2mm, 1.7um)
#ANALYSIS
AN:ANALYSIS_TYPE                 	MS
#MS
MS:INSTRUMENT_NAME               	ABI Sciex 5500 QTrap
MS:INSTRUMENT_TYPE               	Triple quadrupole
MS:MS_TYPE                       	ESI
MS:ION_MODE                      	NEGATIVE
MS:MS_COMMENTS                   	For identification and quantitation, a scheduled MRM method was used, with
MS:MS_COMMENTS                   	specific transitions for every SCFA. Data acquisition and peak integration were
MS:MS_COMMENTS                   	performed in Analyst® software (Version 1.6.2). Calculation of concentration
MS:MS_COMMENTS                   	was done using external calibration curves and statistics were performed using
MS:MS_COMMENTS                   	the R software programme.
#MS_METABOLITE_DATA
MS_METABOLITE_DATA:UNITS	µM
MS_METABOLITE_DATA_START
Samples	A_d11	A_d12	A_d13	A_d14	A_d15	A_d18	A_d19	A_d20	B_d11	B_d12	B_d13	B_d14	B_d15	B_d18	B_d19	B_d20	C_d11	C_d12	C_d13	C_d14	C_d15	C_d18	C_d19	C_d20	D_d11	D_d12	D_d13	D_d14	D_d15	D_d18	D_d19	D_d20	E_d11	E_d12	E_d13	E_d14	E_d15	E_d18	E_d19	E_d20	F_d11	F_d12	F_d13	F_d14	F_d15	F_d18	F_d19	F_d20
Factors	Day:11 | Treatment:control	Day:12 | Treatment:control	Day:13 | Treatment:control	Day:14 | Treatment:control	Day:15 | Treatment:control	Day:18 | Treatment:control	Day:19 | Treatment:control	Day:20 | Treatment:control	Day:11 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:12 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:13 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:14 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:15 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:18 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:19 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:20 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:11 | Treatment:control	Day:12 | Treatment:control	Day:13 | Treatment:control	Day:14 | Treatment:control	Day:15 | Treatment:control	Day:18 | Treatment:control	Day:19 | Treatment:control	Day:20 | Treatment:control	Day:11 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:12 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:13 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:14 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:15 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:18 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:19 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:20 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:11 | Treatment:control	Day:12 | Treatment:control	Day:13 | Treatment:control	Day:14 | Treatment:control	Day:15 | Treatment:control	Day:18 | Treatment:control	Day:19 | Treatment:control	Day:20 | Treatment:control	Day:11 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:12 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:13 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:14 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:15 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:18 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:19 | Treatment:1%DSS	Day:20 | Treatment:1%DSS
2Methylbutyrate	1.580062703	0.989202942	0.760094055	1.278603642	1.278603642	2.086513927	2.026222115	1.881521765	1.580062703	0.916852767	0.434518268	0.470693356	0.386284819	1.242428554	1.326837092	0.892736042	4.305252623	1.218311829	1.230370192	1.121844929	0.543043531	1.145961654	1.375070541	1.471537441	3.521459062	1.314778729	0.350109731	0.108942482	0.325993006	1.121844929	1.145961654	0.760094055	0.97714458	0.953027855	0.63951043	0.88067768	0.711860605	1.145961654	1.350953816	1.435362354	49.76527915	72.31441698	68.09399011	80.15235259	76.53484384	78.70534909	78.94651634	61.46189075
Isobutyrate	24.65597523	24.09682402	22.13979479	22.698946	24.37639963	25.91406545	26.75279226	24.37639963	24.09682402	23.39788501	19.62361435	17.94616073	18.08594853	22.00000699	20.74191677	20.32255336	27.87109468	27.73130688	32.06472874	24.37639963	21.72043139	24.09682402	25.91406545	24.23661182	29.4087605	27.87109468	24.51618743	21.44085578	21.30106798	24.23661182	28.70982149	23.95703622	21.58064358	24.09682402	25.77427765	25.91406545	25.35491424	28.84960929	29.2689727	27.31194347	69.94722312	91.19496904	91.89390805	116.4965612	114.6793198	109.0878077	108.9480199	75.678523
IsoCaproate	0.358135486	0.360048593	0.478661208	0.601100036	0.685276731	0.834499053	0.765627212	0.687189838	0.348569953	0.342830633	0.405963154	0.520749555	0.513097128	0.629796637	0.675711197	0.570490329	0.689102944	0.733104398	1.012417976	0.733104398	0.706320905	0.763714105	0.83067284	0.698668478	0.666145664	0.685276731	0.612578677	0.668058771	0.742669932	0.738843718	0.868934974	0.643188384	0.687189838	0.614491783	0.648927704	0.681450517	0.736930612	0.845977693	0.821107306	0.723538865	0.606839356	0.65084081	0.539880622	0.692929158	0.641275277	0.692929158	0.708234011	0.358135486
Butyrate	9340.205587	9521.739091	9657.889219	9612.505843	9839.422723	7797.1708	7978.704305	7570.25392	8387.154689	8840.98845	7116.420159	8251.004561	8024.087681	6662.586399	5618.768749	7751.787424	8296.387937	8614.07157	9294.822211	9612.505843	7615.637296	10111.72298	9113.288706	9067.90533	9294.822211	6934.886655	5664.152125	6662.586399	8251.004561	5845.685629	8251.004561	8024.087681	10247.87311	6844.119903	7978.704305	9113.288706	9022.521954	8205.621185	8024.087681	7524.870544	10928.62375	11563.99101	8069.471057	9022.521954	8886.371826	8523.304817	7161.803535	3558.363475
Acetate	20122.09997	19093.82234	21264.63068	21264.63068	21378.88375	18065.5447	18179.79777	16466.00171	19322.32848	20236.35304	18179.79777	19093.82234	20350.60611	15551.97715	12352.89117	17837.03856	15551.97715	17837.03856	19322.32848	21721.64296	16808.76093	21607.38989	19093.82234	19208.07541	17837.03856	15666.23022	12809.90346	18294.05084	22521.41445	15894.73636	21835.89603	20350.60611	20236.35304	16123.2425	19893.59383	22635.66752	22064.40217	22178.65524	22521.41445	20464.85918	22064.40217	23092.67981	17951.29163	21607.38989	21950.1491	22864.17366	19550.83462	9667.944016
Caproate	2.059462306	1.889109831	1.656811002	1.966542774	1.734243945	1.935569597	2.198841603	2.22981478	2.756358793	2.105922071	0.990887691	1.424512172	0.851508394	1.145753577	1.316106052	1.517431704	3.313875983	3.159010097	3.778473642	2.942197857	3.066090566	2.338220901	2.524059964	1.021860868	1.920083008	2.601492907	1.90459642	1.827163476	1.749730533	1.67229759	1.439998761	0.866994982	2.276274546	1.409025584	2.059462306	1.935569597	1.532918293	1.610351236	1.641324413	1.625837824	1.192213343	1.176726755	0.975401103	1.486458527	1.037347457	1.037347457	0.866994982	-0.759096822
Valerate	34.62576802	33.25866063	25.64191942	25.05601625	31.30565006	40.68010078	44.00021874	44.78142296	33.8445638	32.08685429	23.10300568	17.75175673	14.58787962	29.74324161	29.74324161	31.89155323	44.19551979	51.03105677	49.85925043	28.18083315	23.4936078	26.6184247	31.69625217	35.79757436	64.31152862	60.99141066	45.36732613	31.50095112	24.07951097	21.34529617	28.37613421	27.39962893	5.701681542	19.39228561	26.03252153	24.66541414	24.66541414	28.96203738	30.91504795	33.64926274	52.59346523	56.49948636	47.51563776	53.37466945	46.53913247	50.05455149	50.05455149	31.110349
Isovalerate	16.29526148	18.45403961	18.40007016	15.91747531	15.26984187	12.4634303	11.59991905	9.117324195	12.84121647	12.67930811	11.06022451	10.14274381	9.980835447	11.00625506	10.19671326	9.225263101	11.00625506	10.95228561	14.0825139	10.08877435	9.926865994	11.00625506	10.46656053	9.279232554	11.43801069	10.79037725	10.08877435	10.41259107	12.19358303	14.40633062	16.5111393	14.67617788	10.73640779	9.009385288	11.11419397	12.13961358	13.32694155	17.75243672	18.40007016	17.26671164	97.68119704	133.3010362	123.0468401	139.2376761	130.6025635	128.98348	125.7453128	80.95066652
Propionate	4742.98	3863.76	3503.05	4821.88	6005.45	7313.01	7989.33	7910.43	4990.96	4731.71	3345.24	1519.17	2883.09	4889.52	4292.1	6478.88	7651.17	6399.97	3593.23	4607.71	1947.51	4517.54	5013.51	7290.46	8936.18	7031.21	4675.35	3525.6	2792.91	3176.16	5092.41	5250.22	723.37	3965.21	3818.67	4269.55	3965.21	5103.68	6118.17	6749.4	7763.89	9759.04	8462.76	8710.74	8598.02	11382.22	10356.46	5317.85
MS_METABOLITE_DATA_END
#METABOLITES
METABOLITES_START
metabolite_name	Kegg-number
2Methylbutyrate	C18319 
Isobutyrate	C02632    
IsoCaproate	C21399 
Butyrate	C00246   
Acetate	C00033 
Caproate	C01585  
Valerate	C00803   
Isovalerate	C08262    
Propionate	C00163   
METABOLITES_END
#END