#METABOLOMICS WORKBENCH tocunningham_20241219_113248 DATATRACK_ID:5467 STUDY_ID:ST003634 ANALYSIS_ID:AN005967 PROJECT_ID:PR002247 VERSION 1 CREATED_ON December 23, 2024, 5:58 pm #PROJECT PR:PROJECT_TITLE Untargeted NMR-metabolomic study in NIH3T3 (mouse embryonic fibroblasts) PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS) is a highly conserved enzyme that PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY conducts the chokepoint reaction of nucleotide biosynthesis by converting PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY ribose-5-phosphate (R-5-P) to phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP). Due to the PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY presence of multiple isoforms and related PRPS-associated proteins in PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY opisthokont species, the precise nature of the PRPS enzyme in cells and tissues PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY remains uncertain. Using proteomics approaches and biochemistry in mammalian PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY cells, we demonstrate that these individual components assemble together to form PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY a heterogeneous megadalton complex comprising of PRPS1 (P1), PRPS2 (P2), and two PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY PRPS associated proteins – PRPSAP1 (AP1) and PRPSAP2 (AP2). Employing PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY CRISPR-Cas9 knockout (KO) strategy in NIH3T3 cells (mouse embryonic fibroblasts) PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY to generate all viable genetic knockout combinations, we observed that PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY PRPS1-only expressing cells (P2/AP1/AP2 triple KO) has severe cellular PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY proliferation defects as compared to other knockout lines. To pinpoint the PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY metabolic basis for decreased proliferative capacity of PRPS1-only expressing PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY cells (P2/AP1/AP2 KO), we used NMR based 13C isotopic tracing to compare the PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY metabolic state of wildtype and P2/AP1/AP2 KO NIH3T3 cells. The results PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY demonstrate that P2/AP1/AP2 KO cells exhibit reduced pentose phosphate pathway PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY flux and nucleotide production, alongside alterations in glycolysis, the PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY creatine phosphate pathway, and choline metabolism. These changes reflect PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY decreased PRPP synthesis rates, likely due to suboptimal PRPS1 homotypic PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY configurations. Collectively, this study revealed that PRPS1 as a standalone PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY enzyme in cells is insufficient to sustain the metabolic flux necessary to keep PR:PROJECT_SUMMARY up with the demands of proliferation. PR:INSTITUTE University of Cincinnati College of Medicine PR:DEPARTMENT Department of Cancer Biology PR:LABORATORY Cunningham Lab PR:LAST_NAME Cunningham PR:FIRST_NAME John PR:ADDRESS 3125 Eden Avenue, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies Rm 3306, Cincinnati, OH PR:ADDRESS 45219, USA PR:EMAIL cunnijn@ucmail.uc.edu PR:PHONE 513-558-1157 PR:CONTRIBUTORS Bibek R. Karki, Sara Vicente-Muñoz, Lindsey E. Romick and J. Tom Cunningham #STUDY ST:STUDY_TITLE NMR metabolomics confirms PRPS homooligomerization in PRPS2/PRPSAP1/PRPSAP2 ST:STUDY_TITLE triple knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts decreases flux through the nucletide ST:STUDY_TITLE biosynthesis pathways ST:STUDY_SUMMARY Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS) is a highly conserved enzyme that ST:STUDY_SUMMARY conducts the chokepoint reaction of nucleotide biosynthesis by converting ST:STUDY_SUMMARY ribose-5-phosphate (R-5-P) to phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP). Due to the ST:STUDY_SUMMARY presence of multiple isoforms and related PRPS-associated proteins in ST:STUDY_SUMMARY opisthokont species, the precise nature of the PRPS enzyme in cells and tissues ST:STUDY_SUMMARY remains uncertain. Using proteomics approaches and biochemistry in mammalian ST:STUDY_SUMMARY cells, we demonstrate that these individual components assemble together to form ST:STUDY_SUMMARY a heterogeneous megadalton complex comprising of PRPS1 (P1), PRPS2 (P2), and two ST:STUDY_SUMMARY PRPS associated proteins – PRPSAP1 (AP1) and PRPSAP2 (AP2). Employing ST:STUDY_SUMMARY CRISPR-Cas9 knockout (KO) strategy in NIH3T3 cells (mouse embryonic fibroblasts) ST:STUDY_SUMMARY to generate all viable genetic knockout combinations, we observed that ST:STUDY_SUMMARY PRPS1-only expressing cells (P2/AP1/AP2 triple KO) has severe cellular ST:STUDY_SUMMARY proliferation defects as compared to other knockout lines. To pinpoint the ST:STUDY_SUMMARY metabolic basis for decreased proliferative capacity of PRPS1-only expressing ST:STUDY_SUMMARY cells (P2/AP1/AP2 KO), we used NMR based 13C isotopic tracing to compare the ST:STUDY_SUMMARY metabolic state of wildtype and P2/AP1/AP2 KO NIH3T3 cells. The results ST:STUDY_SUMMARY demonstrate that P2/AP1/AP2 KO cells exhibit reduced pentose phosphate pathway ST:STUDY_SUMMARY flux and nucleotide production, alongside alterations in glycolysis, the ST:STUDY_SUMMARY creatine phosphate pathway, and choline metabolism. These changes reflect ST:STUDY_SUMMARY decreased PRPP synthesis rates, likely due to suboptimal PRPS1 homotypic ST:STUDY_SUMMARY configurations. Collectively, this study revealed that PRPS1 as a standalone ST:STUDY_SUMMARY enzyme in cells is insufficient to sustain the metabolic flux necessary to keep ST:STUDY_SUMMARY up with the demands of proliferation. ST:INSTITUTE University of Cincinnati College of Medicine ST:DEPARTMENT Department of Cancer Biology ST:LABORATORY Cunningham Lab ST:LAST_NAME Cunningham ST:FIRST_NAME Tom ST:ADDRESS 3125 Eden Avenue ST:EMAIL cunnijn@ucmail.uc.edu ST:PHONE 513-558-1157 #SUBJECT SU:SUBJECT_TYPE Cultured cells SU:SUBJECT_SPECIES Mus musculus SU:TAXONOMY_ID 10090 SU:GENDER Male SU:CELL_BIOSOURCE_OR_SUPPLIER NIH3T3 (CRL-1658) were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, SU:CELL_BIOSOURCE_OR_SUPPLIER Manassass, VA, USA) SU:CELL_STRAIN_DETAILS NH3T3 (mouse embryonic fibroblasts) SU:SUBJECT_COMMENTS ATCC-derived cultures are authenticated by morphological profiling, karyotyping, SU:SUBJECT_COMMENTS and PCR-based methodologies (STR profiling). #SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS: SUBJECT(optional)[tab]SAMPLE[tab]FACTORS(NAME:VALUE pairs separated by |)[tab]Raw file names and additional sample data SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.101 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.101.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.102 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.102.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.103 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.103.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.104 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.104.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.105 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.105.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.106 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.106.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.107 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.107.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.108 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.108.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.109 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.109.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.110 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.110.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.111 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.111.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.112 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.112.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.113 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.113.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.114 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.114.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.115 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.115.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.116 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.116.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.117 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.117.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.118 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1H; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.118.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.201 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.201.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.202 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.202.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.203 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.203.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.204 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.204.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.205 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.205.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.206 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.206.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.207 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.207.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.208 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.208.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.209 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.209.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.210 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.210.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.211 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.211.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.212 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.212.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.213 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.213.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.214 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.214.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.215 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.215.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.216 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.216.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.217 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.217.fid SUBJECT_SAMPLE_FACTORS - Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.218 Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs NMR Experiment=1D 1H-13C-HSQC; RAW_FILE_NAME(Raw file name)=Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.218.fid #COLLECTION CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY NIH3T3 fibroblasts were seeded in 15 cm plates. Cells were maintained in CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing 10% (v/v) fetal bovine CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY serum (FBS) and 1x penicillin/streptomycin. The media were replaced with CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY glucose-free media containing 10 mM of 12C6-glucose (unlabeled; ThermoFisher CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY #410955000, Lot#B0144488) or 13C6-glucose (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories; CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY CLM-1396-50, Lot#PB-28582), supplemented with 10% dialyzed FBS and 1X CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY penicillin/streptomycin, and incubated at 37°C for 30 min or 5 hours. After 30 CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY min or 5 hours of isotope exposure, the medium was aspirated, and the cells were CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY washed 3 times with ice-cold PBS. Subsequently, metabolic activity was halted by CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY quenching with ice-cold acetonitrile (CH3CN), followed by the addition of CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY nanopure water (CH3CN: H2O at 2:1.5 (V/V)) to facilitate cell scraping and CO:COLLECTION_SUMMARY collection. CO:COLLECTION_PROTOCOL_FILENAME SIRM CELL CULTURE_Media-Cell Harvest_Protocol.pdf CO:SAMPLE_TYPE Cultured fibroblasts CO:COLLECTION_METHOD Centrifuge and freeze CO:STORAGE_CONDITIONS -80℃ #TREATMENT TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY A comparison of metabolite analysis was performed between wild-type NIH3T3 and TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY PRPS1-only expressing (PRPS2/PRPSAP1/PRPSAP2 knockout) NIH3T3 cells. CRISPR/Cas9 TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY genome editing was performed as follows to generate the PRPS2/PRPSAP1/PRPSAP2 KO TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY clones: NIH3T3 cells were transduced with a dox-inducible lentiviral Cas9 TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY plasmid (Addgene #50661) and selected with puromycin. Annealed crRNAs against TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY PRPSAP1 and PRPSAP2 were cloned into a lenti-sgRNA vector with hygromycin TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY selection (Addgene #104991) using BsmBI digestion. These lentiviral sgRNA TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY vectors were then introduced into cells expressing dox-inducible Cas9 and TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY selected with hygromycin. Cells were treated with 1 µg/mL doxycycline for a TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY week before clonally sorting them onto collagen-coated 96-well plates using BD TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY FACSAria. Clones were assayed for loss of protein expression by Western blotting TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY and were further checked for mutations by purifying genomic DNA and performing TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY PCR on the region spanning the edit site. To create PRPS2/PRPSAP1/PRPSAP2, PRPS2 TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY crRNAs were first cloned into a lenti-sgRNA vector with neomycin selection TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY (Addgene #104992) using BsmBI digestion. These sgRNA vectors were introduced in TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY PRPSAP1/PRPSAP2 double KO cell lines to generate the PRPS2/PRPSAP1/PRPSAP2 TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY triple KO cell lines. Cells were selected with neomycin and treated with 1 TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY µg/mL doxycycline for a week before clonally sorting them onto collagen-coated TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY 96-well plates using BD FACSAria. Clones were validated for loss of protein TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY expression by Western blotting. For the stable isotope experiment, cells were TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY either treated with glucose-free media containing 10 mM of 12C6-glucose or TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY 13C6-glucose, supplemented with 10% dialyzed FBS and 1X penicillin/streptomycin, TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY and incubated at 37°C for 30 min or 5 hours before collection (described in TR:TREATMENT_SUMMARY Collection summary). #SAMPLEPREP SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY Polar and non-polar metabolites were extracted using the solvent partition SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY method – acetonitrile: water: chloroform (CH3CN: H2O: CHCl3 at 2:1.5:1 (V/V)). SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY The aqueous phase containing polar metabolites and the organic phase containing SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY non-polar metabolites were separated and dried using vacuum lyophilization SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY (CentriVap Labconco) or a SpeedVac device. The protein pellets were washed in SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY 500 µL of 100% methanol and centrifuged at 12,000 x g at 4°C for 10 min. After SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY discarding the supernatant, the protein pellet was dried in a SpeedVac SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY centrifuge for 20 min. The resulting protein residue pellet was used for SP:SAMPLEPREP_SUMMARY normalization. SP:PROCESSING_STORAGE_CONDITIONS -80℃ SP:EXTRACT_STORAGE -80℃ #ANALYSIS AN:ANALYSIS_TYPE NMR #NMR NM:INSTRUMENT_NAME 600MHz Bruker Avance III HD NM:INSTRUMENT_TYPE FT-NMR NM:NMR_EXPERIMENT_TYPE Other NM:NMR_COMMENTS NMR experiment type: 1D 1H-13C-HSQC NM:SPECTROMETER_FREQUENCY 600 MHz NM:NMR_PROBE 5 mm Broad Band Observed (BBO) Prodigy probe NM:NMR_SOLVENT D2O NM:NMR_TUBE_SIZE 3 mm NM:SHIMMING_METHOD TopShim NM:PULSE_SEQUENCE hsqcetgppgsisp2.2 NM:WATER_SUPPRESSION 25Hz bandwidth NM:RECEIVER_GAIN 90.5 NM:NUMBER_OF_SCANS 1024 NM:DUMMY_SCANS 16 NM:ACQUISITION_TIME 2 NM:SPECTRAL_WIDTH 15 ppm NM:NUM_DATA_POINTS_ACQUIRED 16000 NM:LINE_BROADENING 4 Hz NM:APODIZATION Exponential NM:BASELINE_CORRECTION_METHOD Bernstein polynomial fit NM:CHEMICAL_SHIFT_REF_STD 0.00 ppm #NMR_METABOLITE_DATA NMR_METABOLITE_DATA:UNITS nmoles/mg dry residue protein NMR_METABOLITE_DATA_START Samples Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.101 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.102 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.103 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.104 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.105 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.106 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.107 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.108 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.109 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.110 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.111 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.112 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.113 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.114 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.115 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.116 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.117 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.118 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.201 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.202 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.203 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.204 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.205 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.206 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.207 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.208 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.209 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.210 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.211 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.212 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.213 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.214 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.215 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.216 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.217 Cunninghan_UC_PRPS_Cells_110222.218 Factors Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3_Gr1 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3_Gr2 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype1-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype2-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:Wildtype3-Gr3 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr4 | Treatment:U12C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr5 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:30 mins Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO1_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO2_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Sample source:NIH3T3 | Genotype:P2/AP1/AP2 KO3_Gr6 | Treatment:U13C glucose | Treatment duration:5 hrs Acetic acid (Ace-2_1H) 3.533742377 1.046596039 0.947180137 1.03508121 0.985056439 1.226731889 0.859671822 1.660304802 1.09214541 0.992543781 0.767085585 0.651602284 0.746269507 2.17236328 0.87546177 0.779979124 1.39070224 1.242190483 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Glucose (aGlc-1_1H) 34.42731015 35.67643746 29.36768519 1.151968772 1.745857444 2.922294331 0 1.642768274 0 23.39564859 21.40825327 20.26856742 0 0 1.561944195 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Glucose (aGlc-1 13C-A_1H) 0 0 0 30.36755424 45.54777891 27.25526768 17.72182299 22.82879466 21.6154734 0 0 0 21.51740354 17.81076451 17.36484905 10.30467765 8.454911246 14.68233168 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alanine (Ala-3_1H) 7.465952859 7.369005386 7.502743186 3.403157393 3.896205183 3.196834882 1.935897749 1.897009288 2.004635216 14.85855601 12.99907708 13.4377266 3.788642889 3.54019062 4.608561487 2.788785291 3.220779185 2.955180726 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alanine (Ala13C-B_1H) 0 0 0 2.900161236 3.234932772 4.498079583 3.321784553 3.24229587 2.296994813 0 0 0 8.175092214 7.349023506 9.532964213 14.10155221 16.88406948 11.96135798 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AMP (AMP-3'_1H) 27.69860492 19.95689938 22.00008411 25.53644859 15.48135577 16.80497952 13.19476369 12.48683784 16.75917852 21.13341265 18.08454811 16.53691988 16.11116366 10.70298796 13.33861066 11.73358623 11.6772167 20.94835735 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Aspartic acid (Asp-3_1H) 21.0971149 18.90689107 19.72958784 18.34565353 18.85762508 18.17994909 0 0 0 23.06703323 19.70931674 17.62078057 18.41187616 16.45622839 15.91037219 2.281825014 3.215795296 2.562447786 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ATP (ATP-3'13C-A_1H) 0 0 0 0 0 0 43.07653181 34.99622935 33.69724732 0 0 0 0 0 0 68.54166395 74.22552123 71.35409548 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ATP (ATP-4'_1H) 64.74110388 60.59983678 64.05143167 22.88068248 45.63511041 37.23858889 17.03977915 42.32481323 36.77979655 53.86576652 43.01344257 48.51584857 24.60003154 22.51443986 18.12827351 10.53994693 29.46658288 38.38177071 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AXP (AXP-1'_1H) 38.43466455 34.13692002 33.76151231 30.0563685 29.96634967 26.39862537 20.16357834 21.40629407 21.62313527 33.99869899 29.70356353 27.73206657 25.30103254 22.50749302 21.05659025 20.1963615 22.27164391 26.22676519 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AXP (AXP-1' 13C-B_1H) 0 0 0 1.417325825 1.540782348 2.065599307 6.384353663 5.355029234 5.392339633 0 0 0 1.195498633 1.344797682 2.827285875 6.484764275 5.937388752 6.38642371 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AXP (AXP-2_1H) 25.87717815 23.51211262 23.7966203 21.68915882 23.90561892 19.0021547 19.37754019 19.58870221 18.69372671 21.50357541 21.18097906 18.41020162 18.51091096 17.19483841 14.5029149 13.61404216 16.14664885 20.65719737 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AXP (AXP-8_1H) 43.24648277 37.63637504 37.9589774 34.36606104 34.56240933 30.3418931 26.5965277 28.26470608 28.61474662 34.01129947 30.94211341 28.69130479 30.14900808 26.33349075 24.5288231 23.35094083 28.18904287 31.53224293 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Choline (Choline_1H) 0.580688642 0.380760946 0.072533274 0.149876253 0.251603719 0 0 0 0.298223255 1.752560008 1.610933789 1.726296161 1.600260029 1.494536413 1.529009165 2.414759337 2.577689107 2.545736031 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Creatine (Creatine-A_1H) 28.04390014 24.47466632 25.21687188 22.31299771 23.55779115 20.34107134 16.10832628 17.0150881 16.6635682 38.47055979 34.76818085 34.57614157 33.47384835 29.39804733 28.87571071 21.60421668 25.6247148 24.55831876 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Creatinine (Creatinine-P-A_1H) 2.697323689 2.369567417 2.587032553 2.204367339 2.752037213 2.771098727 2.097707136 2.796975455 2.582937597 8.103731961 7.246395254 8.651918389 7.052039903 6.875352114 5.827216762 7.059073796 7.755934071 9.11783877 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Cysteine-Glutathione (Cys-GSH_1H) 48.83494543 43.79912372 45.24760317 41.18316261 40.20383787 37.01509315 27.64983446 28.11284674 28.62398534 50.61393568 43.23194835 46.34721937 42.08826566 40.36476441 41.27473586 29.20426728 30.56872139 30.39826651 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Formic acid (Formate_1H) 6.374396695 5.932521071 5.829330038 5.807726677 5.884316054 5.794486114 6.314384117 5.382695795 5.966131525 5.888598745 5.984190697 6.579892836 6.119741968 6.066496579 5.393311051 5.223222087 6.486807212 6.649391642 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fumaric acid (Fumarate_1H) 0.667950711 0.633320251 0.665445203 0.514726426 0.524993282 0.532079095 0.066456378 0 0 0.887395561 0.856628644 0.686385069 0.712299098 0.73716036 0.698622987 0.185334113 0.168067541 0.239239586 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Glutamic acid (Glu-4_1H) 188.7150712 169.7794671 177.4897587 140.6479516 153.5111207 149.2182901 20.64738674 22.24430028 25.49135422 174.6049591 158.4563253 156.5452798 152.7967818 146.6392892 140.0196125 37.69337168 42.43188602 48.50336501 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Glycine (Gly_1H) 116.9775679 104.318311 107.0696273 98.78706797 101.8416685 91.27771111 128.313408 132.4497377 124.1755176 73.11906677 65.55173279 72.54430115 65.07590281 61.52761006 72.05321276 90.17116747 98.52300834 101.5607871 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GpC (GPC_1H) 3.785890832 4.588264363 3.766633552 1.397095744 1.636899511 2.141528192 13.52765537 15.69634367 13.20730402 2.530070941 2.107087666 2.242938001 1.760983701 1.380541306 1.374466436 16.13741012 16.15490653 17.27548703 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Glutathione (GSH-8_1H) 39.57885474 29.39738646 32.26830016 30.3017352 25.16623714 26.24700906 16.80498082 16.68840185 17.65900267 35.33139037 30.05047013 33.84009047 30.7025606 27.56554344 28.78183692 20.00445309 22.56869423 23.79673285 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GTP (GTP_1H) 4.096967735 3.436857399 4.312665493 3.475142754 3.234594188 3.171302018 2.964448802 2.837970065 3.120563488 6.111369847 6.513371402 6.003976696 5.115606608 5.577744858 5.103449267 3.040047936 5.19510927 4.368949436 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GTP (GTP-1' 13C-A_1H) 0 0 0 0 0 0 4.331977388 3.268681252 2.513484019 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.817516215 0.998845828 2.121461026 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Histidine (His-5_1H) 6.692111071 5.61283387 6.310544348 7.254259973 6.948610778 6.18489855 8.845695823 8.717629647 5.722664255 7.377432672 6.667219821 7.491756147 6.975718224 7.184542633 7.905695726 6.361753874 6.564798527 6.71496327 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Isoleucine (Ile-B_1H) 24.95805191 21.93464528 22.79189017 21.26670944 22.20369413 19.55161878 19.21665812 19.57425466 19.52758498 14.57315091 12.45762357 13.02730919 12.70626044 11.9560061 12.07810898 15.39249633 16.4323932 18.74016334 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Inosine (Inosine_1H) 2.790858772 1.991693477 1.917045793 1.365985006 1.478117265 1.874969949 5.355187014 5.298134695 5.540670735 2.168908537 2.042023174 2.155682796 1.684616928 2.177610538 1.863097658 3.489443084 4.206118988 5.183095086 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lactic acid (Lac-2_1H) 21.37667337 19.15307038 19.80957776 0 0 0 0 0 0 26.20155618 24.48834372 23.24737188 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lactic acid/Threonine (Lac-3/Thr_1H) 147.2327121 123.7208163 131.5485692 94.35872484 100.5939926 90.92206937 97.49395339 96.69750406 95.71444925 115.661503 100.8064805 104.0338623 65.4987875 62.87341527 65.29728731 97.93993276 107.3852596 112.0603358 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Lactic acid (Lac13C-A_1H) 0 0 0 30.2627451 30.05942685 29.06001725 28.44803046 29.0005104 27.17078548 0 0 0 39.44163152 34.26038588 36.33635352 31.28765492 37.01582654 41.74710057 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Leucine (Leu_1H) 40.88652749 33.09315887 36.1274015 32.70805505 36.43303409 32.4717186 27.78737347 32.64323336 30.61954094 24.83442462 19.96703662 23.81789333 20.28278873 20.04588216 18.19100027 23.60056065 25.96314107 25.5895483 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Myo-Inositol (m-Ins-2_1H) 54.89014083 50.8758556 51.10130469 51.08494222 53.59825478 47.40770784 55.48637987 57.61159377 59.92512044 111.2022529 98.54957506 103.797298 101.4289001 99.06456333 101.2525392 114.0402747 127.2322884 131.0492741 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Methionine (Met_1H) 14.21443909 12.03067173 12.78554924 12.00412872 11.70022918 11.52145215 10.31623767 11.11578581 10.82717465 8.68222022 7.296436856 7.815124144 7.010059721 6.835954193 6.672747927 7.803388368 8.873437062 9.601274096 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NAD (NAD+-A1'_1H) 6.159498534 4.686625848 4.463742054 4.916605847 4.617343345 4.943916527 4.853650385 4.506448176 5.107775035 4.756207999 4.609237343 4.448610942 4.848952715 4.511644636 4.606929016 4.69054645 4.849515054 3.936859037 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NAD (NAD+-N1'_1H) 6.19128565 5.113882032 5.323966661 5.453950648 4.792432816 4.921445863 4.373360154 2.798845478 3.288580194 4.939485541 5.090590255 5.060674888 5.093946028 4.545169065 4.618340854 3.030700972 3.113457403 3.679326667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NAD (NAD+-N1' 13C-B_1H) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.116446484 1.598421158 1.533164719 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.108336803 1.463505169 1.737300862 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NAD (NAD+-N2_1H) 5.887600972 5.355181809 4.900516518 5.443491218 4.477476571 4.723294083 5.191387873 4.227246535 5.059365564 4.557296935 4.695592907 5.187351475 4.43851265 4.536730158 4.622338705 4.913978408 4.854892069 5.204014778 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NAD (NAD+-N6_1H) 6.437816593 5.597940657 4.667641987 5.446539493 4.665934549 4.800649773 5.488931339 4.396846895 5.338208388 4.29969773 4.47552615 5.04922957 4.810693502 4.626827364 4.589244038 4.861601339 5.103070327 5.50748116 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NADP (NADP+-N2_1H) 0.921552527 0.695514489 0.612793372 0.541718866 0.575847711 0.552052414 0.544201194 0.724216218 0.511824023 0.836838058 0.787877513 0.941066885 0.646494999 0.600190997 0.58421852 0.598231524 0.665478825 0.703856664 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NADP (NADP+-N6_1H) 0.814186384 0.790224423 0.693385066 0.631382649 0.687172903 0.492355063 0.750593407 0.3475004 0.529968104 0.736283312 0.939824511 0.947396147 0.700098484 0.63355285 0.689595453 0.503013662 0.742263323 0.903953456 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Choline phosphate (P-Choline_1H) 100.436498 88.41885113 89.41813059 85.81573296 87.07020873 82.65568613 109.331121 115.0267934 113.1959622 68.52000711 55.85101134 55.46300696 54.92402669 47.57518187 45.54323969 62.04791487 65.76308426 72.81875028 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Phenylalanine (Phe-3,5_1H) 15.53508301 13.46743743 13.74883576 13.27379422 13.23367788 13.16975844 12.07176721 12.44133812 12.56832114 8.646064453 7.517019823 8.038741595 7.635425139 7.402280513 6.83109322 8.620813852 9.291881545 10.38056126 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Serine (Ser-2_1H) 85.11621845 65.87384915 65.78449216 60.56837361 60.91618284 60.56898206 41.84303357 45.65015616 45.87486552 70.1490957 40.44857199 50.87022263 41.35688144 35.42093628 46.36206497 59.22519838 66.3705519 73.09653397 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Serine (Ser-3_1H) 95.0889689 77.78164042 78.42468314 67.54264029 67.40282022 66.1475344 51.56754813 56.49737569 54.83548969 85.70248603 60.51974607 68.82958575 58.94281089 63.39228585 62.8650436 76.39399595 96.61122803 108.8179008 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Taurine (Tau-2 (NCH2)_1H) 33.1063857 33.41204882 35.2354315 35.66336695 25.04965436 32.68230059 29.34820772 30.91838762 34.47322335 68.14873257 61.51470145 60.99399746 59.15705302 59.00821292 57.75172557 52.81567824 62.7091398 61.47287076 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Threonine (Thr_1H) 95.93576641 84.07622442 86.53384979 76.64613294 74.03932141 72.14878153 79.81165941 78.23468322 77.31129783 63.63356655 61.1202743 64.87719047 56.7240055 50.16337805 53.59879724 74.38499609 89.27011803 91.11869612 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tryptophan (Trp-4_1H) 1.815284481 1.689474208 2.004749119 1.497931745 1.306356864 1.273925344 1.884806393 1.601499132 1.523860766 1.228012636 0.715907121 1.134146894 0.975092235 0.875860202 1.070126376 1.125522637 1.30309015 1.153676011 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tyrosine (Tyr-3,5_1H) 13.92620382 11.55218586 12.00702786 11.85269689 11.46237036 11.03934717 10.41395212 10.29434352 9.813529896 7.385335037 6.330554296 6.647543506 6.039786228 6.127449185 6.683530502 7.586544993 8.597154297 8.798459633 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc_1H) 1.927637234 1.755994415 2.374781545 3.115599442 2.534137981 3.161644346 1.295864554 1.783942154 1.362351716 1.788076054 2.020382449 1.697266971 1.982258127 2.309736968 2.350689339 0.549372041 1.093802406 1.064073189 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc_1H) 4.564957729 3.014947932 4.079350548 3.631731387 2.391283332 3.236027758 3.64731311 3.228765973 4.060469557 3.574412006 3.924453372 3.955541098 2.843257927 2.63431528 2.360396914 2.080594805 2.244083851 3.801851206 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 UXP (UXP-1'_1H) 19.57214216 21.83125552 20.06571114 14.10681278 16.96195135 14.92186407 9.843380047 11.76101528 11.77854381 19.85152451 19.65308545 16.76359922 13.49633849 13.42625346 13.08944564 11.96527884 14.07048289 17.02614972 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 UXP (UXP-1' 13C-A_1H) 0 0 0 2.466018463 3.246292807 4.810104019 8.221718409 7.553450932 7.427993635 0 0 0 0.933611961 0 0 3.872547455 3.646378426 4.470535552 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 UXP (UXP-5'_1H) 10.48595631 12.57403664 10.45288528 9.276734761 13.11644074 10.64717285 10.97023156 11.64115405 11.07260188 12.40677799 10.07994351 11.39740885 17.33174807 12.55299602 13.40298432 12.68710244 11.89837646 13.61468654 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Valine (Val-B_1H) 28.52711743 24.89198227 25.92825044 23.93716258 25.3171037 23.88339231 23.59130433 24.36649867 24.0386357 15.96870398 12.69594033 14.15424786 13.59462877 12.54765574 12.96457197 18.33597307 20.69496715 21.50544448 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Glucose (aGlc-1_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 66.5285 104.3786 61.5717 50.0267 56.5482 49.8884 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 49.7330 44.0631 49.4725 31.1821 31.6429 42.4131 Alanine (Ala-3_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.4542 2.9479 4.3396 4.2468 4.3334 3.9809 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 11.3091 8.9883 11.5781 16.7340 19.4470 15.2584 AMP (AMP-3'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.6772 3.9215 3.3595 5.8197 5.9523 4.9297 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.2122 3.5956 6.3065 6.3552 8.4637 8.8279 ATP (ATP-4'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 27.7461 25.2230 28.0168 36.9417 37.5162 40.2957 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 24.0661 18.5072 22.5337 24.3691 27.0829 33.6669 AXP (AXP-1'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.4243 7.1863 4.6774 16.1914 14.2798 15.4487 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 6.4234 5.3575 10.1091 11.7223 16.6044 16.0078 Glutamic acid (Glu-3a_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.7830 2.9650 2.7620 22.2602 17.3600 17.2332 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.9630 1.3737 2.1902 5.3162 7.5301 8.2330 Glutamic acid (Glu-4_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 19.4596 20.3483 21.1218 44.7103 42.3943 42.6828 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 5.7659 3.7659 5.4759 6.9841 8.1725 7.3969 Glutathione (GSH-4_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.1916 10.7708 10.4450 12.0994 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 GTP (GTP_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.0017 10.2148 13.8145 11.5821 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 4.8950 6.2845 7.9080 Lactic acid (Lac-2_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 23.1747 20.4504 21.5558 12.6148 10.1225 11.0839 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 27.5430 24.9376 24.2287 12.8827 17.0691 21.2698 Lactic acid/Threonine (Lac-3/Thr_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30.2627 30.0594 29.0600 28.4480 29.0005 27.1708 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 39.4416 34.2604 36.3364 31.2877 37.0158 41.7471 NAD (NAD+-N1'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 1.3167 1.0801 1.2807 7.9011 5.7055 8.1748 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 6.9524 8.0044 8.5272 UXP (UXP-1'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 10.7525 12.4008 8.5492 24.6535 19.6603 22.4862 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 7.3828 5.9740 7.1399 16.7036 17.2374 19.6746 NMR_METABOLITE_DATA_END #METABOLITES METABOLITES_START metabolite_name Standardized name Super class Main class Sub class Pubchem CID CHEBI_ID HMDB_ID LM_ID KEGG_ID INCHI_KEY REFMET_ID Acetic acid (Ace-2_1H) Acetic acid Fatty Acyls Fatty acids Saturated FA 176 15366 HMDB0000042 LMFA01010002 C00033 QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N RM0153572 Glucose (aGlc-1_1H) Glucose Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Hexoses 5793 4167 HMDB0304632 C00031 WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N RM0135901 Glucose (aGlc-1 13C-A_1H) Glucose Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Hexoses 5793 4167 HMDB0304632 C00031 WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N RM0135901 Alanine (Ala-3_1H) Alanine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 5950 16977 HMDB0000161 C00041 QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N RM0135898 Alanine (Ala13C-B_1H) Alanine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 5950 16977 HMDB0000161 C00041 QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N RM0135898 AMP (AMP-3'_1H) AMP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNMP 6083 16027 HMDB0000045 C00020 UDMBCSSLTHHNCD-KQYNXXCUSA-N RM0138921 Aspartic acid (Asp-3_1H) Aspartic acid Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 5960 17053 HMDB0000191 C00049 CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N RM0135905 ATP (ATP-3'13C-A_1H) ATP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNTP 5957 15422 HMDB0000538 C00002 ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-N RM0138930 ATP (ATP-4'_1H) ATP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNTP 5957 15422 HMDB0000538 C00002 ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-N RM0138930 AXP (AXP-1'_1H) AXP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNXP AXP (AXP-1' 13C-B_1H) AXP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNXP AXP (AXP-2_1H) AXP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNXP AXP (AXP-8_1H) AXP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNXP Choline (Choline_1H) Choline Organic nitrogen compounds Cholines Cholines 305 15354 HMDB0000097 C00114 OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N RM0028739 Creatine (Creatine-A_1H) Creatine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 586 16919 HMDB0000064 C00300 CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N RM0135876 Creatinine (Creatinine-P-A_1H) Creatinine Organoheterocyclic compounds Azoles Imidazolines 137319715 16737 HMDB0000562 C00791 DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N RM0028430 Cysteine-Glutathione (Cys-GSH_1H) Cysteine-Glutathione Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Formic acid (Formate_1H) Formic acid Organic acids Carboxylic acids Carboxylic acids 284 30751 HMDB0000142 C00058 BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N RM0135892 Fumaric acid (Fumarate_1H) Fumaric acid Organic acids TCA acids TCA acids 444972 18012 HMDB0000134 C00122 VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N RM0135891 Glutamic acid (Glu-4_1H) Glutamic acid Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 33032 16015 HMDB0000148 C00025 WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N RM0135893 Glycine (Gly_1H) Glycine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 750 15428 HMDB0000123 C00037 DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N RM0135888 GpC (GPC_1H) GpC Nucleic acids Dinucleotides Diribonucleotides 145459099 136671 DQTQQHQGSZWEMR-VMIOUTBZSA-N RM0049797 Glutathione (GSH-8_1H) Glutathione Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Tripeptides 124886 16856 HMDB0000125 C00051 RWSXRVCMGQZWBV-WDSKDSINSA-N RM0135889 GTP (GTP_1H) GTP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNTP 135398633 15996 HMDB0001273 C00044 XKMLYUALXHKNFT-UUOKFMHZSA-N RM0136084 GTP (GTP-1' 13C-A_1H) GTP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNTP 135398633 15996 HMDB0001273 C00044 XKMLYUALXHKNFT-UUOKFMHZSA-N RM0136084 Histidine (His-5_1H) Histidine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 6274 15971 HMDB0000177 C00135 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N RM0129894 Isoleucine (Ile-B_1H) Isoleucine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 6306 17191 HMDB0000172 LMFA01100047 C00407 AGPKZVBTJJNPAG-WHFBIAKZSA-N RM0134975 Inosine (Inosine_1H) Inosine Nucleic acids Purines Purine ribonucleosides 135398641 17596 HMDB0000195 C00294 UGQMRVRMYYASKQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N RM0135908 Lactic acid (Lac-2_1H) Lactic acid Organic acids Short-chain acids Short-chain acids 107689 422 HMDB0000190 C00186 JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N RM0135904 Lactic acid/Threonine (Lac-3/Thr_1H) Lactic acid/Threonine Organic acids Lactic acid (Lac13C-A_1H) Lactic acid Organic acids Short-chain acids Short-chain acids 107689 422 HMDB0000190 C00186 JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N RM0135904 Leucine (Leu_1H) Leucine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 6106 15603 HMDB0000687 C00123 ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N RM0136379 Myo-Inositol (m-Ins-2_1H) Inositol Organic oxygen compounds Alcohols and polyols Inositols RM0004841 Methionine (Met_1H) Methionine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 6137 16643 HMDB0000696 C00073 FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N RM0161726 NAD (NAD+-A1'_1H) NAD Nucleic acids Nicotinamides Nicotinamide dinucleotides 5892 44215 HMDB0000902 C00003 BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N RM0133217 NAD (NAD+-N1'_1H) NAD Nucleic acids Nicotinamides Nicotinamide dinucleotides 5892 44215 HMDB0000902 C00003 BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N RM0133217 NAD (NAD+-N1' 13C-B_1H) NAD Nucleic acids Nicotinamides Nicotinamide dinucleotides 5892 44215 HMDB0000902 C00003 BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N RM0133217 NAD (NAD+-N2_1H) NAD Nucleic acids Nicotinamides Nicotinamide dinucleotides 5892 44215 HMDB0000902 C00003 BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N RM0133217 NAD (NAD+-N6_1H) NAD Nucleic acids Nicotinamides Nicotinamide dinucleotides 5892 44215 HMDB0000902 C00003 BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N RM0133217 NADP (NADP+-N2_1H) NADP Nucleic acids Nicotinamides Nicotinamide dinucleotides 5885 44409 HMDB0304435 C00006 XJLXINKUBYWONI-NNYOXOHSSA-N RM0133216 NADP (NADP+-N6_1H) NADP Nucleic acids Nicotinamides Nicotinamide dinucleotides 5885 44409 HMDB0304435 C00006 XJLXINKUBYWONI-NNYOXOHSSA-N RM0133216 Choline phosphate (P-Choline_1H) Choline phosphate Organic nitrogen compounds Cholines Cholines 135437 18132 HMDB0001565 YHHSONZFOIEMCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N RM0007522 Phenylalanine (Phe-3,5_1H) Phenylalanine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 6140 17295 HMDB0000159 C00079 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N RM0135897 Serine (Ser-2_1H) Serine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 5951 17115 HMDB0000187 C00065 MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N RM0032433 Serine (Ser-3_1H) Serine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 5951 17115 HMDB0000187 C00065 MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N RM0032433 Taurine (Tau-2 (NCH2)_1H) Taurine Organic acids Sulfonic acids Sulfonic acids 1123 15891 HMDB0000251 C00245 XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N RM0118223 Threonine (Thr_1H) Threonine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 6288 16857 HMDB0000167 C00188 AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N RM0135900 Tryptophan (Trp-4_1H) Tryptophan Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 6305 16828 HMDB0000929 C00078 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N RM0136024 Tyrosine (Tyr-3,5_1H) Tyrosine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 6057 17895 HMDB0000158 C00082 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N RM0135896 UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc_1H) UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine Nucleic acids Pyrimidines Pyrimidine rNDP 6419712 16650 HMDB0000304 C00203 LFTYTUAZOPRMMI-LDDHHVEYSA-N RM0160954 UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc_1H) UDP-glucose Nucleic acids Pyrimidines Pyrimidine rNDP 53477679 167608 HMDB0000286 C00029 HSCJRCZFDFQWRP-LPTOLDDLSA-N RM0135928 UXP (UXP-1'_1H) UXP Nucleic acids Pyrimidines Pyrimidine rNXP UXP (UXP-1' 13C-A_1H) UXP Nucleic acids Pyrimidines Pyrimidine rNXP UXP (UXP-5'_1H) UXP Nucleic acids Pyrimidines Pyrimidine rNXP Valine (Val-B_1H) Valine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 6287 16414 HMDB0000883 C00183 KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-BYPYZUCNSA-N RM0136018 Glucose (aGlc-1_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) Glucose Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Hexoses 5793 4167 HMDB0304632 C00031 WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N RM0135901 Alanine (Ala-3_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) Alanine Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 5950 16977 HMDB0000161 C00041 QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N RM0135898 AMP (AMP-3'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) AMP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNMP 6083 16027 HMDB0000045 C00020 UDMBCSSLTHHNCD-KQYNXXCUSA-N RM0138921 ATP (ATP-4'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) ATP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNTP 5957 15422 HMDB0000538 C00002 ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-N RM0138930 AXP (AXP-1'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) AXP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNXP Glutamic acid (Glu-3a_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) Glutamic acid Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 33032 16015 HMDB0000148 C00025 WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N RM0135893 Glutamic acid (Glu-4_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) Glutamic acid Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Amino acids 33032 16015 HMDB0000148 C00025 WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N RM0135893 Glutathione (GSH-4_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) Glutathione Organic acids Amino acids and peptides Tripeptides 124886 16856 HMDB0000125 C00051 RWSXRVCMGQZWBV-WDSKDSINSA-N RM0135889 GTP (GTP_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) GTP Nucleic acids Purines Purine rNTP 135398633 15996 HMDB0001273 C00044 XKMLYUALXHKNFT-UUOKFMHZSA-N RM0136084 Lactic acid (Lac-2_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) Lactic acid Organic acids Short-chain acids Short-chain acids 107689 422 HMDB0000190 C00186 JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N RM0135904 Lactic acid/Threonine (Lac-3/Thr_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) Lactic acid/Threonine Organic acids NAD (NAD+-N1'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) NAD Nucleic acids Nicotinamides Nicotinamide dinucleotides 5892 44215 HMDB0000902 C00003 BAWFJGJZGIEFAR-NNYOXOHSSA-N RM0133217 UXP (UXP-1'_1D 1H-13C-HSQC) UXP Nucleic acids Pyrimidines Pyrimidine rNXP METABOLITES_END #END