Summary of Study ST004223
This data is available at the NIH Common Fund's National Metabolomics Data Repository (NMDR) website, the Metabolomics Workbench, https://www.metabolomicsworkbench.org, where it has been assigned Project ID PR002664. The data can be accessed directly via it's Project DOI: 10.21228/M89G28 This work is supported by NIH grant, U2C- DK119886.
See: https://www.metabolomicsworkbench.org/about/howtocite.php
This study contains a large results data set and is not available in the mwTab file. It is only available for download via FTP as data file(s) here.
| Study ID | ST004223 |
| Study Title | Sulfatide deficiency-induced astrogliosis and myelin lipid dyshomeostasis are independent of Trem2-mediated microglial activation |
| Study Summary | This study investigated how sulfatide (ST) deficiency, an early lipid alteration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), drives neuroinflammation and lipid dyshomeostasis, and whether these processes depend on Trem2-mediated microglial signaling. Using ST-deficient mice with or without Trem2 knockout, the researchers found that ST loss consistently caused myelin lipid disruption, cognitive impairment, free water retention, and bladder enlargement—phenotypes that were independent of Trem2 and more severe in females. Trem2 deficiency reduced some transcriptomic inflammatory responses but did not alter astrogliosis or lipid losses at the protein level, suggesting that Trem2 primarily modulates microglial signaling but not astrocyte activation or lipid disruption. Overall, the findings highlight sulfatide deficiency as a key driver of lipid and glial imbalance, and suggest that preserving myelin lipid integrity and astrocyte balance may be more effective than solely targeting Trem2-mediated microglial activation in slowing AD progression. |
| Institute | UT Health San Antonio |
| Last Name | Han |
| First Name | Xianlin |
| Address | 4939 Charles Katz Dr |
| hanx@uthscsa.edu | |
| Phone | 2105624104 |
| Submit Date | 2025-09-09 |
| Raw Data Available | Yes |
| Raw Data File Type(s) | mzML, raw(Thermo) |
| Analysis Type Detail | MS(Dir. Inf.) |
| Release Date | 2025-09-28 |
| Release Version | 1 |
Select appropriate tab below to view additional metadata details:
Project:
| Project ID: | PR002664 |
| Project DOI: | doi: 10.21228/M89G28 |
| Project Title: | Sulfatide deficiency-induced alterations in myelin lipids are independent of Trem2 |
| Project Summary: | Disrupted lipid homeostasis and neuroinflammation often co-exist in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the intrinsic connection and causal relationship between these deficits remain elusive. Our previous studies show that the loss of sulfatide (ST), a class of myelin-enriched lipids, causes AD-like neuroinflammatory responses, cognitive impairment, bladder enlargement, and lipid dyshomeostasis. To better understand the relationship between neuroinflammation and lipid disruption induced by ST deficiency, we established a ST-deficient mouse model with a constitutive Trem2 knockout. Our study demonstrated that Trem2 regulates ST deficiency-induced neuroinflammation and astrocyte activation at the transcriptomic level but does not affect stage 1 disease-associated microglia or astrogliosis at the protein level. Additionally, ST loss-induced lipidome disruption, free water retention, and cognitive impairment were consistently observed in the absence of Trem2. Further, these phenotypes were more severe in females compared to males. Collectively, these results emphasize the essential role of Trem2 in mediating lipid loss-associated microglia mediated neuroinflammation, but not astrogliosis or myelin lipid disruption. Moreover, we demonstrated that attenuating Trem2-mediated neuroinflammation has a limited impact on brain ST loss-induced lipidome alteration or AD-like central and peripheral disorders. Our findings suggest that preserving the lipidome and astrocyte balance may be crucial in decelerating the progression of AD. |
| Institute: | UT Health San Antonio |
| Last Name: | Han |
| First Name: | Xianlin |
| Address: | 4939 Charles Katz Dr, San Antonio, TX |
| Email: | hanx@uthscsa.edu |
| Phone: | 2105624104 |
Subject:
| Subject ID: | SU004375 |
| Subject Type: | Mammal |
| Subject Species: | Mus musculus |
| Taxonomy ID: | 10090 |
Factors:
Subject type: Mammal; Subject species: Mus musculus (Factor headings shown in green)
| mb_sample_id | local_sample_id | Sample source | genotype |
|---|---|---|---|
| SA485912 | Female_CRM_Cre+4 | mouse cerebrum | Cre+ |
| SA485913 | Female_CRM_Cre+7 | mouse cerebrum | Cre+ |
| SA485914 | Female_CRM_Cre+6 | mouse cerebrum | Cre+ |
| SA485915 | Female_CRM_Cre+5 | mouse cerebrum | Cre+ |
| SA485916 | Female_CRM_Cre+1 | mouse cerebrum | Cre+ |
| SA485917 | Female_CRM_Cre+2 | mouse cerebrum | Cre+ |
| SA485918 | Female_CRM_Cre+3 | mouse cerebrum | Cre+ |
| SA485919 | Female_CRM_Cre-2 | mouse cerebrum | Cre- |
| SA485920 | Female_CRM_Cre-1 | mouse cerebrum | Cre- |
| SA485921 | Female_CRM_Cre-6 | mouse cerebrum | Cre- |
| SA485922 | Female_CRM_Cre-5 | mouse cerebrum | Cre- |
| SA485923 | Female_CRM_Cre-3 | mouse cerebrum | Cre- |
| SA485924 | Female_CRM_Cre-4 | mouse cerebrum | Cre- |
| SA485925 | Female_CRM_Trem2 KO/Cre+1 | mouse cerebrum | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485926 | Female_CRM_Trem2 KO/Cre+2 | mouse cerebrum | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485927 | Female_CRM_Trem2 KO/Cre+3 | mouse cerebrum | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485928 | Female_CRM_Trem2 KO/Cre+4 | mouse cerebrum | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485929 | Female_CRM_Trem2 KO/Cre-1 | mouse cerebrum | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA485930 | Female_CRM_Trem2 KO/Cre-3 | mouse cerebrum | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA485931 | Female_CRM_Trem2 KO/Cre-4 | mouse cerebrum | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA485932 | Female_CRM_Trem2 KO/Cre-5 | mouse cerebrum | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA485933 | Female_CRM_Trem2 KO/Cre-2 | mouse cerebrum | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA485934 | Male_SC_Cre+9 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485935 | Female_SC_Cre+2 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485936 | Female_SC_Cre+3 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485937 | Female_SC_Cre+4 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485938 | Female_SC_Cre+11 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485939 | Female_SC_Cre+5 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485940 | Female_SC_Cre+6 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485941 | Female_SC_Cre+7 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485942 | Female_SC_Cre+12 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485943 | Male_SC_Cre+7 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485944 | Female_SC_Cre+10 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485945 | Female_SC_Cre+9 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485946 | Male_SC_Cre+8 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485947 | Male_SC_Cre+2 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485948 | Male_SC_Cre+6 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485949 | Male_SC_Cre+5 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485950 | Male_SC_Cre+4 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485951 | Male_SC_Cre+3 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485952 | Female_SC_Cre+8 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485953 | Female_SC_Cre+1 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485954 | Male_SC_Cre+1 | mouse spinal cord | Cre+ |
| SA485955 | Female_SC_Cre-10 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485956 | Female_SC_Cre-9 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485957 | Female_SC_Cre-8 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485958 | Female_SC_Cre-1 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485959 | Female_SC_Cre-2 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485960 | Female_SC_Cre-3 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485961 | Female_SC_Cre-4 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485962 | Female_SC_Cre-5 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485963 | Female_SC_Cre-6 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485964 | Male_SC_Cre-8 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485965 | Male_SC_Cre-6 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485966 | Male_SC_Cre-1 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485967 | Male_SC_Cre-2 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485968 | Male_SC_Cre-3 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485969 | Male_SC_Cre-4 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485970 | Female_SC_Cre-7 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485971 | Male_SC_Cre-9 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485972 | Male_SC_Cre-5 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485973 | Male_SC_Cre-7 | mouse spinal cord | Cre- |
| SA485974 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+1 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485975 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+2 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485976 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+6 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485977 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+5 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485978 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+4 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485979 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+3 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485980 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+7 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485981 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+7 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485982 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+14 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485983 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+5 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485984 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+13 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485985 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+1 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485986 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+3 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485987 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+4 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485988 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+2 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485989 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+6 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485990 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+9 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485991 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+10 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485992 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+11 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485993 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+12 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485994 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre+8 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre+ |
| SA485995 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-8 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA485996 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-1 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA485997 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-2 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA485998 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-3 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA485999 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-4 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486000 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-5 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486001 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-6 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486002 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-7 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486003 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-5 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486004 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-7 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486005 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-6 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486006 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-4 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486007 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-3 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486008 | Female_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-2 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486009 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-8 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486010 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-9 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
| SA486011 | Male_SC_Trem2 KO/Cre-10 | mouse spinal cord | Trem2 KO/Cre- |
Collection:
| Collection ID: | CO004368 |
| Collection Summary: | Animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the ‘Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals’ (8th edition, National Research Council of the National Academies, 2011). The animal protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (protocol code 20180044AP and approved on 01-09-2019). Cerebrum (from the right hemisphere) and spinal cord tissues were collected immediately after dissection. Tissues were visually inspected to exclude any samples with obvious signs of damage. Only intact, grossly normal-appearing specimens were included in the study. Each specimen was rapidly snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at –80 °C until further use. |
| Sample Type: | Brain |
Treatment:
| Treatment ID: | TR004384 |
| Treatment Summary: | The CST fl/fl mice were generated by Applied Stem Cell, Inc. using CRISPR technology to inject C57BL/6 embryos as previously described [1]. The Plp1-CreERT and Trem2 KO mouse lines were both purchased from JAX (stock #005975 and #027197, respectively). The CST fl/fl mice were crossed with Plp1-CreERT+ mice to generate conditional ST-deficient (Cre+) mice along with their respective (Cre-) controls as previously described. The constitutive Trem2 KO mice were crossed with ST-deficient Cre+ mice to generate Trem2 KO deficient mice (Trem2, CST fl/fl/Plp1-CreERT+) denoted as (KO/Cre+) along with the control (KO/Cre-). [1] Qiu, S. et al. Adult-onset CNS myelin sulfatide deficiency is sufficient to cause Alzheimer's disease-like neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. Mol Neurodegener 16, 64 (2021). |
Sample Preparation:
| Sampleprep ID: | SP004381 |
| Sampleprep Summary: | Pulverized frozen CRM and SC tissues were homogenized ice-cold phosphate-buffered saline using a Precellys® Evolution Tissue Homogenizer (Bertin, France). The protein concentration of homogenates was determined using the Pierce BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) following the manufacturer’s protocol. Lipids were extracted by the modified procedure of Bligh and Dyer in the presence of internal standards that were added based on the total protein content of each sample. |
Chromatography:
| Chromatography ID: | CH005335 |
| Instrument Name: | none |
| Column Name: | none |
| Column Temperature: | NA |
| Flow Gradient: | NA |
| Flow Rate: | NA |
| Solvent A: | NA |
| Solvent B: | NA |
| Chromatography Type: | None (Direct infusion) |
Analysis:
| Analysis ID: | AN007026 |
| Analysis Type: | MS |
| Chromatography ID: | CH005335 |
| Num Factors: | 8 |
| Num Metabolites: | 97 |
| Units: | nmol/mg protein |
| Analysis ID: | AN007027 |
| Analysis Type: | MS |
| Chromatography ID: | CH005335 |
| Num Factors: | 8 |
| Num Metabolites: | 49 |
| Units: | nmol/mg protein |
| Analysis ID: | AN007028 |
| Analysis Type: | MS |
| Chromatography ID: | CH005335 |
| Num Factors: | 8 |
| Num Metabolites: | 102 |
| Units: | nmol/mg protein |