ST001834 A metabolomics comparison of plant-based meat and grass-fed meat indicates large nutritional differences despite comparable nutrition facts labels
List of human metabolic pathways and metabolites (REACTOME)

Pathway name (# of metabolites detected in study)Reactome pathway
5-Phosphoribose 1-diphosphate biosynthesis (1) REACT_850
Abacavir metabolism (2) REACT_121388
ABCA transporters in lipid homeostasis (1) REACT_111158
ABH2 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage (1) REACT_526
ABH3 mediated Reversal of Alkylation Damage (1) REACT_1662
Abnormal metabolism in phenylketonuria (5) REACT_121117
Activation of AMPA receptors (1) REACT_18338
Activation of Ca-permeable Kainate Receptor (1) REACT_21346
Activation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP) (3) REACT_147904
Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels (1) REACT_75831
Activation of Na-permeable Kainate Receptors (1) REACT_21343
Activation of PPARGC1A (PGC-1alpha) by phosphorylation (1) REACT_200686
Acyl chain remodeling of DAG and TAG (1) REACT_121122
Aflatoxin activation and detoxification (2) REACT_228214
Agmatine biosynthesis (1) REACT_14800
alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism (2) REACT_121147
Alpha-oxidation of phytanate (2) REACT_17003
Amino acid synthesis and interconversion (transamination) (9) REACT_238
Amino acid transport across the plasma membrane (20) REACT_13796
AMPK inhibits chREBP transcriptional activation activity (1) REACT_1988
Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC (17) REACT_75795
Antigen processing: Ubiquitination & Proteasome degradation (18) REACT_75842
Arachidonate production from DAG (2) REACT_19308
Arachidonic acid metabolism (1) REACT_147851
Astrocytic Glutamate-Glutamine Uptake And Metabolism (2) REACT_13639
Biogenic amines are oxidatively deaminated to aldehydes by MAOA and MAOB (2) REACT_416
Biotin transport and metabolism (2) REACT_11153
BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression (3) REACT_111118
Branched-chain amino acid catabolism (2) REACT_197
Cam-PDE 1 activation (1) REACT_15408
Carnitine synthesis (2) REACT_2125
Catecholamine biosynthesis (2) REACT_15551
Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall (1) REACT_12051
Cholesterol biosynthesis (2) REACT_9405
Chylomicron-mediated lipid transport (1) REACT_6841
Circadian Clock (3) REACT_24941
Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) (4) REACT_1785
Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) (3) REACT_14828
Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors) (5) REACT_18319
Class II GLUTs (1) REACT_19281
Cleavage of the damaged purine (1) REACT_1729
Cleavage of the damaged pyrimidine (3) REACT_2156
Cobalamin (Cbl, vitamin B12) transport and metabolism (1) REACT_163862
Coenzyme A biosynthesis (2) REACT_11218
Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes (2) REACT_121139
Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes (1) REACT_172744
Conjugation of benzoate with glycine (2) REACT_6933
Conjugation of phenylacetate with glutamine (2) REACT_6800
Conjugation of salicylate with glycine (2) REACT_6812
COX reactions (1) REACT_1396
Creatine metabolism (3) REACT_813
CREB phosphorylation through the activation of CaMKII (2) REACT_20642
Cross-presentation of soluble exogenous antigens (endosomes) (17) REACT_111056
Cysteine formation from homocysteine (2) REACT_115589
Cytosolic sulfonation of small molecules (2) REACT_6913
Cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation (18) REACT_15306
DARPP-32 events (1) REACT_15334
Deadenylation of mRNA (1) REACT_20514
degradation of AXIN (1) REACT_200766
Degradation of cysteine and homocysteine (2) REACT_115654
Degradation of GABA (4) REACT_23964
Digestion of dietary carbohydrate (2) REACT_9472
Digestion of dietary lipid (3) REACT_9518
Downregulation of SMAD2/3:SMAD4 transcriptional activity (1) REACT_121111
Endogenous sterols (1) REACT_13812
Endosomal/Vacuolar pathway (17) REACT_111168
eNOS activation (2) REACT_12477
EPHB-mediated forward signaling (2) REACT_228085
ER-Phagosome pathway (17) REACT_111178
Ethanol oxidation (1) REACT_34
Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production (1) REACT_24970
Fatty acids (2) REACT_13814
Fatty Acids bound to GPR40 (FFAR1) regulate insulin secretion (4) REACT_19193
Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and ketone body metabolism (1) REACT_22279
Fatty Acyl-CoA Biosynthesis (3) REACT_1319
FCERI mediated NF-kB activation (1) REACT_163994
Free fatty acid receptors (7) REACT_21268
GABA A receptor activation (1) REACT_24987
GABA A (rho) receptor activation (1) REACT_25168
GABA B receptor activation (1) REACT_25031
GABA synthesis (2) REACT_24020
GABA synthesis, release, reuptake and degradation (1) REACT_23947
G alpha (i) signalling events (8) REACT_19231
G alpha (q) signalling events (9) REACT_18283
G alpha (s) signalling events (3) REACT_19327
Gluconeogenesis (6) REACT_1520
Glutamate Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (2) REACT_12591
Glutathione synthesis and recycling (17) REACT_6960
Glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) (1) REACT_1008
Glycolysis (3) REACT_1383
Glycosphingolipid metabolism (1) REACT_116105
Glyoxylate metabolism (4) REACT_16925
HDL-mediated lipid transport (1) REACT_13621
HDMs demethylate histones (1) REACT_228178
Hedgehog ligand biogenesis (1) REACT_228111
Heme biosynthesis (1) REACT_9465
Histamine receptors (1) REACT_16903
Histidine catabolism (3) REACT_1249
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL)-mediated triacylglycerol hydrolysis (2) REACT_494
HS-GAG degradation (1) REACT_120752
Hydrolysis of LPC (1) REACT_120977
Hydrolysis of LPE (2) REACT_120785
Hydroxycarboxylic acid-binding receptors (3) REACT_163785
Hypusine synthesis from eIF5A-lysine (2) REACT_12469
Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade (1) REACT_163919
Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits (1) REACT_25004
Inositol transporters (1) REACT_19188
Interconversion of 2-oxoglutarate and 2-hydroxyglutarate (2) REACT_25367
Interconversion of polyamines (3) REACT_14805
ISG15 antiviral mechanism (1) REACT_115831
LDL-mediated lipid transport (1) REACT_6934
Ligand-gated ion channel transport (3) REACT_25387
Linoleic acid (LA) metabolism (2) REACT_121100
Lysine catabolism (2) REACT_1298
Metabolism of folate and pterines (3) REACT_11167
Metabolism of polyamines (4) REACT_14820
Metabolism of serotonin (1) REACT_15532
Methionine salvage pathway (2) REACT_75881
Methylation (1) REACT_6946
Miscellaneous substrates (1) REACT_13425
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH3 (MutSbeta) (1) REACT_228019
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH6 (MutSalpha) (1) REACT_228145
Mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis (2) REACT_150353
Mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation (18) REACT_15302
Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis (4) REACT_25073
mRNA decay by 3' to 5' exoribonuclease (1) REACT_20619
mRNA decay by 5' to 3' exoribonuclease (1) REACT_20518
Na+/Cl- dependent neurotransmitter transporters (19) REACT_20506
Nicotinamide salvaging (2) REACT_11213
Nicotinate metabolism (3) REACT_11088
Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase (1) REACT_23862
Organic anion transport (2) REACT_22310
Organic anion transporters (4) REACT_19372
Organic cation transport (5) REACT_22357
Orphan transporters (5) REACT_267716
Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence (1) REACT_169436
Oxygen-dependent asparagine hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha (1) REACT_121226
Oxygen-dependent proline hydroxylation of Hypoxia-inducible Factor Alpha (1) REACT_120916
PAOs oxidise polyamines to amines (3) REACT_505
Passive transport by Aquaporins (1) REACT_23826
PDE3B signalling (1) REACT_1451
Phagosomal maturation (early endosomal stage) (1) REACT_121256
Phenylalanine and tyrosine catabolism (5) REACT_1786
Phosphate bond hydrolysis by NUDT proteins (1) REACT_150237
phospho-PLA2 pathway (1) REACT_15466
Plasmalogen biosynthesis (1) REACT_1407
Platelet degranulation (1) REACT_318
Platelet sensitization by LDL (1) REACT_23879
PPARA activates gene expression (3) REACT_116145
Pregnenolone biosynthesis (1) REACT_11038
Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors (1) REACT_21254
Proline catabolism (2) REACT_1002
Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transport (2) REACT_20515
Proton-coupled neutral amino acid transporters (3) REACT_19348
Proton/oligonucleotide cotransporters (17) REACT_19328
Purine catabolism (7) REACT_2086
Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthesis (5) REACT_1776
Purine salvage (6) REACT_1923
Pyrimidine biosynthesis (3) REACT_21376
Pyrimidine catabolism (7) REACT_1023
Pyrimidine salvage reactions (3) REACT_655
Pyruvate metabolism (2) REACT_2071
Ras activation uopn Ca2+ infux through NMDA receptor (2) REACT_20546
Recycling of bile acids and salts (2) REACT_11042
Regulation of AMPK activity via LKB1 (1) REACT_21285
Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBP (SREBF) (1) REACT_147797
Regulation of HSF1-mediated heat shock response (1) REACT_200780
Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) (3) REACT_19241
Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex (1) REACT_12528
Regulation of Rheb GTPase activity by AMPK (1) REACT_21393
Removal of the Flap Intermediate (1) REACT_70
Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand (1) REACT_7999
Respiratory electron transport (1) REACT_22393
Retinoid cycle disease events (1) REACT_160130
Retinoid metabolism and transport (4) REACT_24968
Reuptake of GABA (2) REACT_23910
REV-ERBA represses gene expression (3) REACT_118789
Role of phospholipids in phagocytosis (1) REACT_160158
RORA activates circadian gene expression (3) REACT_118659
Scavenging by Class A Receptors (1) REACT_163699
Scavenging by Class B Receptors (1) REACT_163679
Scavenging by Class F Receptors (1) REACT_163813
Scavenging by Class H Receptors (1) REACT_164002
Scavenging of heme from plasma (1) REACT_160163
Serine biosynthesis (2) REACT_115789
Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis (2) REACT_15439
Serotonin clearance from the synaptic cleft (1) REACT_15391
Serotonin Neurotransmitter Release Cycle (1) REACT_15425
Serotonin receptors (1) REACT_17064
Sialic acid metabolism (1) REACT_200874
SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA Expression (1) REACT_200827
Sodium-coupled sulphate, di- and tri-carboxylate transporters (2) REACT_20646
Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis (4) REACT_115810
Stimuli-sensing channels (2) REACT_160189
Sulfide oxidation to sulfate (1) REACT_116010
Sulfur amino acid metabolism (4) REACT_115639
SUMO is conjugated to E1 (UBA2:SAE1) (1) REACT_163812
Synthesis and interconversion of nucleotide di- and triphosphates (3) REACT_21330
Synthesis of 12-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives (1) REACT_150201
Synthesis of 15-eicosatetraenoic acid derivatives (1) REACT_150422
Synthesis of (16-20)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) (1) REACT_150134
Synthesis of 5-eicosatetraenoic acids (1) REACT_150209
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts (1) REACT_11054
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 24-hydroxycholesterol (2) REACT_11053
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 27-hydroxycholesterol (1) REACT_11048
Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol (3) REACT_11041
Synthesis of epoxy (EET) and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHET) (1) REACT_150417
Synthesis of Hepoxilins (HX) and Trioxilins (TrX) (1) REACT_150292
Synthesis of IP2, IP, and Ins in the cytosol (2) REACT_150352
Synthesis of Leukotrienes (LT) and Eoxins (EX) (3) REACT_150420
Synthesis of PA (1) REACT_120906
Synthesis of PE (2) REACT_120919
Synthesis of PG (2) REACT_121280
Synthesis of PI (1) REACT_121000
Synthesis of Prostaglandins (PG) and Thromboxanes (TX) (1) REACT_150149
Synthesis of PS (2) REACT_120823
Synthesis of UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine (2) REACT_22394
Synthesis of very long-chain fatty acyl-CoAs (3) REACT_380
Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin (2) REACT_19189
Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) (7) REACT_24019
Synthesis, secretion, and inactivation of Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP) (4) REACT_23824
TET1,2,3 and TDG demethylate DNA (2) REACT_200682
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, recycling, salvage and regulation (2) REACT_111176
The canonical retinoid cycle in rods (twilight vision) (3) REACT_160156
The retinoid cycle in cones (daylight vision) (1) REACT_160083
Thyroxine biosynthesis (2) REACT_15292
Trafficking of dietary sterols (1) REACT_13781
Transcriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis (3) REACT_200608
Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation (3) REACT_27161
Translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane (1) REACT_147867
Transport of fatty acids (6) REACT_23892
Transport of glucose and other sugars, bile salts and organic acids, metal ions and amine compounds (1) REACT_19305
Transport of glycerol from adipocytes to the liver by Aquaporins (1) REACT_23809
Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides (4) REACT_19397
Transport of nucleosides and free purine and pyrimidine bases across the plasma membrane (10) REACT_1206
Triglyceride Biosynthesis (2) REACT_1190
Tryptophan catabolism (6) REACT_916
Unblocking of NMDA receptor, glutamate binding and activation (2) REACT_20594
Urea cycle (6) REACT_847
Utilization of Ketone Bodies (1) REACT_59
VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation (1) REACT_228024
VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability (1) REACT_228016
Vitamin B1 (thiamin) metabolism (1) REACT_11117
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) metabolism (1) REACT_11070
Vitamin C (ascorbate) metabolism (1) REACT_11202
Vitamins B6 activation to pyridoxal phosphate (1) REACT_25012
YAP1- and WWTR1 (TAZ)-stimulated gene expression (3) REACT_118713
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