Summary of Study ST001524
This data is available at the NIH Common Fund's National Metabolomics Data Repository (NMDR) website, the Metabolomics Workbench, https://www.metabolomicsworkbench.org, where it has been assigned Project ID PR001025. The data can be accessed directly via it's Project DOI: 10.21228/M86M5V This work is supported by NIH grant, U2C- DK119886.
See: https://www.metabolomicsworkbench.org/about/howtocite.php
This study contains a large results data set and is not available in the mwTab file. It is only available for download via FTP as data file(s) here.
| Study ID | ST001524 |
| Study Title | Prochlorococcus extracellular vesicles: Molecular composition and adsorption to diverse microbial cells |
| Study Type | Characterizing the metabolome of Prochlorococcus cells and vesicles |
| Study Summary | Extracellular vesicles are small (~50–200 nm diameter) membrane-bound structures released by cells from all domains of life. While extremely abundant in the oceans, our understanding of their functions, both for cells and the emergent ecosystem, is in its infancy. To advance this understanding, we analyzed the lipid, metabolite, and protein content of vesicles produced by two strains of the most abundant phytoplankton cell in the ocean, the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus. We show that Prochlorococcus exports an enormous array of cellular compounds into their surroundings via extracellular vesicles. The vesicles produced by the two different strains contained some materials in common, but also displayed numerous strain-specific differences, reflecting functional complexity within natural vesicle populations. Prochlorococcus vesicles contain active enzymes, indicating that they can mediate biogeochemically relevant extracellular reactions in the wild. Interaction assays demonstrate that vesicles from Prochlorococcus and multiple genera of heterotrophic bacteria can associate with other marine microbes, including Pelagibacter, the most abundant heterotrophic group in the oceans. Our observations suggest that vesicles may play diverse functional roles in the oceans, including but not limited to mediating energy and nutrient transfers, catalyzing extracellular biochemical reactions, and mitigating toxicity of reactive oxygen species. These findings further indicate that a portion of the ‘dissolved’ compounds in the oceans are not truly dissolved, but are instead packaged within locally structured, colloidal vesicles. |
| Institute | University of Washington |
| Department | Oceanography |
| Laboratory | Ingalls Lab |
| Last Name | Carlson |
| First Name | Laura |
| Address | 1501 NE Boat Street, Marine Science Building, Room G, Seattle, WA 98195 |
| truxal@uw.edu | |
| Phone | 4125545093 |
| Submit Date | 2020-11-04 |
| Raw Data Available | Yes |
| Raw Data File Type(s) | mzXML |
| Analysis Type Detail | LC-MS |
| Release Date | 2021-05-04 |
| Release Version | 1 |
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Collection:
| Collection ID: | CO001593 |
| Collection Summary: | Axenic cultures of Prochlorococcus strain MIT9312 and MIT9313 were grown in defined artificial AMP1 media supplemented with 10 mM (final concentration) filter-sterilized sodium bicarbonate. Seven 20 L cultures were grown for each of the two Prochlorococcus strains, providing three replicates for the lipid and small metabolite analysis and an additional sample for proteomics analysis. Strains MIT9312 and MIT9313 are available from the National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota. 20 L cultures were grown in polycarbonate carboys (ThermoFisher Nalgene, Waltham, MA, USA) with gentle stirring (60 rpm), under constant light flux (10 – 20 µmol Q m -2 s -1 for MIT9313; 30 – 40 µmol Q m -2 s -1 for MIT9312) at 24°C. Vesicles were collected from 20 L cultures of Prochlorococcus during mid-to-late exponential growth phase and isolated as described previously (Biller et al., 2014, Science). Briefly, cultures were first gravity filtered through a 0.2 µm capsule filter (Polycap 150TC; GE Life Sciences/Whatman, Maidstone, UK). The filtrate was then concentrated using a 100 kDa tangential flow filter (Ultrasette with Omega membrane; Pall, Port Washington, NY, USA) and re-filtered through a 0.2 µm syringe filter. Vesicles were pelleted from the sample by ultracentrifugation at ~100,000 x g (Beckman-coulter SW32Ti rotor; 32,000 rpm, 1.5 hrs, 4°C), purified on an OptiPrep gradient (Biller et al., 2014, Science), then washed and resuspended in 0.2 µm filtered 1x PBS. |
| Sample Type: | Cultured Prochlorococcus cells and vesicles |
| Storage Conditions: | -80℃ |
