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MGP000198

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information

Gene Name	ras homolog family member B
Protein Entry	RHOB_HUMAN
UniProt ID	P62745
Species	Human

Comments

Comment type	Description
Function	Mediates apoptosis in neoplastically transformed cells after DNA damage. Not essential for development but affects cell adhesion and growth factor signaling in transformed cells. Plays a negative role in tumorigenesis as deletion causes tumor formation. Involved in intracellular protein trafficking of a number of proteins. Targets PKN1 to endosomes and is involved in trafficking of the EGF receptor from late endosomes to lysosomes. Also required for stability and nuclear trafficking of AKT1/AKT which promotes endothelial cell survival during vascular development. Serves as a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Required for genotoxic stress-induced cell death in breast cancer cells. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10508588, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15226397, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16236794, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21373644, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9478917}.
Induction	Up-regulated by DNA damaging agents like H(2)O(2) or ionizing radiation (IR). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:21373644}.
Interaction	Q9HCE7-2:SMURF1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-602647, EBI-9845742; Q13829:TNFAIP1; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-602647, EBI-2505861;
Miscellaneous	RHOB is one of the targets of farnesyltransferase inhibitors which are currently under investigation as cancer therapeutics. These elevate the levels of geranylgeranylated RHOB and cause mislocalization, leading to apoptosis and antineoplastic effects.
Ptm	Prenylation specifies the subcellular location of RHOB. The farnesylated form is localized to the plasma membrane while the geranylgeranylated form is localized to the endosome. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:1400319, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:7713879}.
Similarity	Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. {ECO:0000305}.
Subcellular Location	Late endosome membrane; Lipid-anchor. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor. Nucleus. Cleavage furrow. Note=Late endosomal membrane (geranylgeranylated form). Plasma membrane (farnesylated form). Also detected at the nuclear margin and in the nucleus. Translocates to the equatorial region before furrow formation in a ECT2-dependent manner.
Subunit	Binds ROCK1 and ROCK2. Also binds PKN1/PRK1. Interacts with ARGGEF3, RTKN and AKAP13. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11546812, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12221096, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9478917}.
Web Resource	Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/RHOBID42108ch2p24.html";