MGP Database

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MGP002200

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Namepregnancy-associated plasma protein A, pappalysin 1
Protein EntryPAPP1_HUMAN
UniProt IDQ13219
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Catalytic ActivityCleavage of the 135-Met-|-Lys-136 bond in insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-4, and the 143- Ser-|-Lys-144 bond in IGFBP-5.
CofactorName=Zn(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29105; Evidence={ECO:0000250}; Note=Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit. {ECO:0000250};
Developmental StagePresent in serum and placenta during pregnancy; levels increase throughout pregnancy. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10491647, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7539791}.
Enzyme RegulationInhibited by complexation with the proform of PRG2. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10913121}.
FunctionMetalloproteinase which specifically cleaves IGFBP-4 and IGFBP-5, resulting in release of bound IGF. Cleavage of IGFBP-4 is dramatically enhanced by the presence of IGF, whereas cleavage of IGFBP-5 is slightly inhibited by the presence of IGF. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10077652, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10913121, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11522292}.
InductionBy 8-bromoadenosine-3',5'-phosphate. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8620868}.
PtmThere appear to be no free sulfhydryl groups.
Sequence CautionSequence=AAC50543.1; Type=Frameshift; Positions=51, 67; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
SimilarityBelongs to the peptidase M43B family. {ECO:0000305}.
SimilarityContains 5 Sushi (CCP/SCR) domains. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00302}.
Subcellular LocationSecreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10077652}.
SubunitHomodimer; disulfide-linked. In pregnancy serum, predominantly found as a disulfide-linked 2:2 heterotetramer with the proform of PRG2. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10913121, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12421832, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7685339}.
Tissue SpecificityHigh levels in placenta and pregnancy serum. In placenta, expressed in X cells in septa and anchoring villi, and in syncytiotrophoblasts in the chorionic villi. Lower levels are found in a variety of other tissues including kidney, myometrium, endometrium, ovaries, breast, prostate, bone marrow, colon, fibroblasts and osteoblasts. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10077652, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10491647, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7508748, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7526035}.
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