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MGP003664

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Nameembryonic ectoderm development
Protein EntryEED_HUMAN
UniProt IDO75530
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Alternative ProductsEvent=Alternative splicing, Alternative initiation; Named isoforms=3; Comment=Additional isoforms may be produced by alternative initiation, both from non-canonical start codons upstream of the initiator methionine displayed and from other canonical start codons downstream of that displayed (PubMed:15099518 and PubMed:15684044). The precise sites of translation initiation have not been unambiguously identified.; Name=1; IsoId=O75530-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; IsoId=O75530-2; Sequence=VSP_034691; Name=3; IsoId=O75530-3; Sequence=VSP_034692;
CautionTwo variants of the PRC2 complex have been described, termed PRC3 and PRC4. Each of the three complexes may include a different complement of EED isoforms, although the precise sequences of the isoforms in each complex have not been determined. The PRC2 and PRC4 complexes may also methylate 'Lys- 26' of histone H1 in addition to 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (PubMed:15099518 and PubMed:15684044), although other studies have demonstrated no methylation of 'Lys-26' of histone H1 by PRC2 (PubMed:16431907). {ECO:0000305|PubMed:16431907}.
Developmental StageExpression peaks at the G1/S phase boundary. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14532106}.
DomainThe WD repeat domain mediates recognition of trimethylated histone peptides at the consensus sequence Ala-Arg-Lys-Ser. This is achieved through an aromatic cage encircling the methyllysine, and involving Phe-97, Tyr-148 and Tyr-365. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20974918}.
FunctionPolycomb group (PcG) protein. Component of the PRC2/EED- EZH2 complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Also recognizes 'Lys-26' trimethylated histone H1 with the effect of inhibiting PRC2 complex methyltransferase activity on nucleosomal histone H3 'Lys-27', whereas H3 'Lys-27' recognition has the opposite effect, enabling the propagation of this repressive mark. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXC8, HOXA9, MYT1 and CDKN2A. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10581039, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14532106, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15225548, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15231737, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15385962, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16357870, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18285464, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20974918, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9584199}.
InductionExpression is induced by E2F1, E2F2 and E2F3. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14532106}.
InteractionSelf; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-923794, EBI-923794; Q8IXJ9:ASXL1; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-923794, EBI-1646500; Q16531:DDB1; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-923794, EBI-350322; P26358:DNMT1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-923794, EBI-719459; Q9Y6K1:DNMT3A; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-923794, EBI-923653; Q9UBC3:DNMT3B; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-923794, EBI-80125; Q15910:EZH2; NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-923794, EBI-530054; Q9BXM7:PINK1; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-923794, EBI-2846068; Q15156:PML-RAR; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-923794, EBI-867256;
PtmMethylated. Binding to histone H1 'Lys-26' promotes mono-, di-, and trimethylation of internal lysines. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20974918}.
Sequence CautionSequence=AAC23685.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Evidence={ECO:0000305}; Sequence=AAC68675.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
SimilarityBelongs to the WD repeat ESC family. {ECO:0000305}.
SimilarityContains 7 WD repeats. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00221}.
Subcellular LocationNucleus. Chromosome. Note=Transiently colocalizes with XIST at inactive X chromosomes.
SubunitInteracts with KMT2A/MLL1 (By similarity). Component of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which includes EED, EZH2, SUZ12, RBBP4 and RBBP7 and possibly AEBP2. The minimum components required for methyltransferase activity of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex are EED, EZH2 and SUZ12. Component of the PRC2/EED-EZH1 complex, which includes EED, EZH1, SUZ12, RBBP4 and AEBP2. The PRC2 complex may also interact with DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B and PHF1 via the EZH2 subunit and with SIRT1 via the SUZ12 subunit. Interacts with HDAC, HDAC2, histone H1 and YY1. May interact with ITGA4, ITGAE and ITGB7. Interacts with CDYL. May interact with the MA protein of HIV-1. Interacts with ARNTL/BMAL1. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10581039, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11158321, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12351676, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12435631, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15385962, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16357870, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16431907, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18086877, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18285464, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19026781, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20974918, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22009739, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9584199, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9765275, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9880543}.
Tissue SpecificityExpressed in brain, colon, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, ovary, peripheral blood leukocytes, pancreas, placenta, prostate, spleen, small intestine, testis, thymus and uterus. Appears to be overexpressed in breast and colon cancer. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15684044, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9584199, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9765275, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9806832, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9880543}.
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