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MGP005058

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information

Gene Name	dual oxidase 2
Protein Entry	DUOX2_HUMAN
UniProt ID	Q9NRD8
Species	Human

Comments

Comment type	Description
Catalytic Activity	NAD(P)H + O(2) = NAD(P)(+) + H(2)O(2). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15972824}.
Developmental Stage	Widely expressed in fetal tissues. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11514595}.
Disease	Thyroid dyshormonogenesis 6 (TDH6) [MIM:607200]: A disorder due to a defective conversion of accumulated iodide to organically bound iodine. The iodide organification defect can be partial or complete. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12110737, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16134168, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16322276, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:20187165}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
Enzyme Regulation	Peroxidase activity is inhibited by aminobenzohydrazide (By similarity). The NADPH oxidase activity is calcium-dependent. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15972824}.
Function	Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. Plays a role in thyroid hormones synthesis and lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa. May have its own peroxidase activity through its N-terminal peroxidase-like domain. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12824283}.
Induction	By forskolin, thyrotropin and the Th1-specific cytokine IFNG/IFN-gamma. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10806195}.
Pathway	Hormone biosynthesis; thyroid hormone biosynthesis.
Ptm	N-glycosylated. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11822874}.
Similarity	Contains 1 FAD-binding FR-type domain. {ECO:0000255\|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00716}.
Similarity	Contains 1 ferric oxidoreductase domain. {ECO:0000305}.
Similarity	Contains 3 EF-hand domains. {ECO:0000255\|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00448}.
Similarity	In the N-terminal section; belongs to the peroxidase family. {ECO:0000305}.
Subcellular Location	Apical cell membrane {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15591162}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15591162}. Note=Localizes to the apical membrane of epithelial cells.
Subunit	Interacts with TXNDC11, TPO and CYBA. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15561711}.
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in colon, small intestine, duodenum and tracheal surface epithelial cells (at protein level). Expressed in thyrocytes. Also detected in kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, prostate, salivary glands, rectum and testis. {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10806195, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:11514595, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:12824283, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15210697, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15591162}.