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MGP006336

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Nameantizyme inhibitor 2
Protein EntryAZIN2_HUMAN
UniProt IDQ96A70
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Alternative ProductsEvent=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=5; Comment=Additional isoforms seem to exist.; Name=1; IsoId=Q96A70-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; IsoId=Q96A70-2; Sequence=VSP_003756; Name=3; IsoId=Q96A70-3; Sequence=VSP_003757, VSP_003758; Name=4; IsoId=Q96A70-4; Sequence=VSP_003755, VSP_003757, VSP_003758; Name=6; IsoId=Q96A70-5; Sequence=VSP_003754, VSP_003757, VSP_003758;
CautionWas initially reported to have ornithine decarboxylase (PubMed:11587527) or arginine decarboxylase (PubMed:14738999) activities, but it was later found that the mouse ortholog does not possess either of them. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:11587527, ECO:0000305|PubMed:14738999}.
DomainThe N-terminus domain is necessary for its localization to the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). {ECO:0000250}.
FunctionAntizyme inhibitor protein that positively regulates ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and polyamine uptake by counteracting the negative effect of antizymes OAZ1, OAZ2 and OAZ3 on ODC1 activity (PubMed:17900240). Inhibits antizyme-dependent ODC1 degradation by binding to antizymes. Releases ODC1 from its inactive complex with antizymes, leading to formation of the catalytically active ODC1. Participates in the morphological integrity of the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and functions as a regulator of intracellular secretory vesicle trafficking (PubMed:20188728). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14738999, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17900240, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20188728}.
PtmUbiquitinated, leading to its proteosomal degradation; a process that is reduced in presence of antizymes. May also be degraded through the lysosomal degradative pathway in a proteosomal-independent manner. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17900240}.
SimilarityBelongs to the Orn/Lys/Arg decarboxylase class-II family. ODC antizyme inhibitor subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
Subcellular LocationNucleus. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Membrane {ECO:0000250}. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment {ECO:0000250}. Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network {ECO:0000250}. Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network. Cytoplasmic granule. Cell projection, axon. Cell projection, dendrite. Perikaryon. Note=Colocalizes with KDEL receptors in ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). Translocates from the ERGIC structure to the cytoplasm in a antizyme-dependent manner. Localizes with vesicle- associated membrane protein VAMP8 in the vicinity of the plasma membrane within serotonin-containing secretory granules (By similarity). Detected as vesicle-like pattern in neurite outgrowths. Localizes to the vesicular compartments of the secretory pathway, predominantly in the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Localizes with vesicle-associated membrane protein VAMP8 in the vicinity of the plasma membrane within serotonin-containing secretory granules. {ECO:0000250}.
SubunitInteracts with OAZ1, OAZ2 and OAZ3; the interactions stabilize the complex by inhibiting AZIN2 ubiquitination and degradation. Does not form an heterodimer with ODC1 (By similarity). Monomer. Interaction with OAZ1, OAZ2 and OAZ3; the interactions lead to increased ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and decreased rate of ODC1 degradation. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17900240}.
Tissue SpecificityExpressed in the neocortex, thalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, gray and white matter. Expressed in neurons, oligodendrocytes, basket, Purkinje and pyramidal cells. Expressed in spermatocytes and Leydig cells of the testis. Expressed in luteal theca cells lining corpus luteum cysts and in hilus cells of the ovary. Expressed in primary and neoplastic mast cells (MC) (at protein level). Highly expressed in brain. Also expressed in testis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11587527, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14738999, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19718454, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19756694, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19832840}.
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