MGP Database

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MGP000739

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Namecoxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor
Protein EntryCXAR_HUMAN
UniProt IDP78310
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Alternative ProductsEvent=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=7; Name=1; Synonyms=SIV; IsoId=P78310-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; Synonyms=CAR2, HCAR2, TVV; IsoId=P78310-2; Sequence=VSP_014825, VSP_014826; Note=Ref.14 (AAD31772) sequence is in conflict in position: 343:P->A. {ECO:0000305}; Name=3; Synonyms=CAR2/7, Gamma; IsoId=P78310-3; Sequence=VSP_014819, VSP_014820; Name=4; Synonyms=CAR3/7; IsoId=P78310-4; Sequence=VSP_014821, VSP_014822; Name=5; Synonyms=CAR4/7, Beta; IsoId=P78310-5; Sequence=VSP_014823, VSP_014824; Name=6; IsoId=P78310-6; Sequence=VSP_047357; Note=Gene prediction based on EST data.; Name=7; Synonyms=CAR 4/6; IsoId=P78310-7; Sequence=VSP_047729;
DomainThe Ig-like C2-type 1 domain mediates homodimerization and interaction with AMICA1.
DomainThe PDZ-binding motif mediates interaction with MPDZ and BAIAP1.
FunctionComponent of the epithelial apical junction complex that may function as an homophilic cell adhesion molecule and is essential for tight junction integrity. Also involved in transepithelial migration of leukocytes through adhesive interactions with AMICA1/JAML a transmembrane protein of the plasma membrane of leukocytes. The interaction between both receptors also mediates the activation of gamma-delta T-cells, a subpopulation of T-cells residing in epithelia and involved in tissue homeostasis and repair. Upon epithelial CXADR-binding, AMICA1 induces downstream cell signaling events in gamma-delta T- cells through PI3-kinase and MAP kinases. It results in proliferation and production of cytokines and growth factors by T- cells that in turn stimulate epithelial tissues repair. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11734628, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12297051, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15800062, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19064666, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9096397}.
PtmN-glycosylated. {ECO:0000250}.
PtmPalmitoylated on Cys-259 and/or Cys-260; required for proper localization to the plasma membrane. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12021372}.
SimilarityContains 2 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains. {ECO:0000305}.
Subcellular LocationIsoform 1: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell junction, tight junction. Cell junction, adherens junction. Basolateral cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=In epithelial cells localizes to the apical junction complex composed of tight and adherens junctions. In airway epithelial cells localized to basolateral membrane but not to apical surface.
Subcellular LocationIsoform 2: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell junction, tight junction. Cell junction, adherens junction. Basolateral cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Note=In epithelial cells localizes to the apical junction complex composced of tight and adherens junctions. In airway epithelial cells localized to basolateral membrane but not to apical surface.
Subcellular LocationIsoform 3: Secreted.
Subcellular LocationIsoform 4: Secreted.
Subcellular LocationIsoform 5: Secreted.
SubunitMonomer. May form homodimer. Interacts with LNX, BAIAP1, DLG4, PRKCABP, TJP1 and CTNNB1. Interacts with MPDZ; recruits MPDZ to intercellular contact sites. Interacts with AMICA1 (homodimeric form). Secreted isoform 3, isoform 4 and isoform 5 can interact with the extracellular domain of the receptor. Interacts with adenovirus subgroups A, C, D, E and F fiber proteins as well as coxsackievirus B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and B6 capsid proteins and acts as a receptor for these viruses. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10567268, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10666333, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10814575, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11734628, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12297051, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12468544, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14978041, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15304526, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15364909, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15800062, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19064666, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9733828}.
Tissue SpecificityExpressed in pancreas, brain, heart, small intestine, testis, prostate and at a lower level in liver and lung. Isoform 5 is ubiquitously expressed. Isoform 3 is expressed in heart, lung and pancreas. In skeletal muscle, isoform 1 is found at the neuromuscular junction and isoform 2 is found in blood vessels. In cardiac muscle, isoform 1 and isoform 2 are found at intercalated disks. In heart expressed in subendothelial layers of the vessel wall but not in the luminal endothelial surface. Expression is elevated in hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10490761, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11457744, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11549277, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9096397}.
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