MGP Database

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MGP000919

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Nameephrin-A1
Protein EntryEFNA1_HUMAN
UniProt IDP20827
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Alternative ProductsEvent=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; Name=1; IsoId=P20827-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; IsoId=P20827-2; Sequence=VSP_017543; Note=No experimental confirmation available.;
FunctionCell surface GPI-bound ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. Plays an important role in angiogenesis and tumor neovascularization. The recruitment of VAV2, VAV3 and PI3-kinase p85 subunit by phosphorylated EPHA2 is critical for EFNA1-induced RAC1 GTPase activation and vascular endothelial cell migration and assembly. Exerts anti-oncogenic effects in tumor cells through activation and down-regulation of EPHA2. Activates EPHA2 by inducing tyrosine phosphorylation which leads to its internalization and degradation. Acts as a negative regulator in the tumorigenesis of gliomas by down-regulating EPHA2 and FAK. Can evoke collapse of embryonic neuronal growth cone and regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17332925, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18794797}.
InductionBy TNF and IL1B/interleukin-1 beta.
InteractionP29317:EPHA2; NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-715194, EBI-702104;
PtmN-Glycosylation is required for binding to EPHA2 receptor and inducing its internalization. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23661698}.
PtmUndergoes proteolysis by a metalloprotease to give rise to a soluble monomeric form.
SimilarityBelongs to the ephrin family. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00884}.
SimilarityContains 1 ephrin RBD (ephrin receptor-binding) domain. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00884}.
Subcellular LocationCell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18794797}; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18794797}.
Subcellular LocationEphrin-A1, secreted form: Secreted.
SubunitMonomer. Homodimer. Forms heterodimers with EPHA2. Binds to the receptor tyrosine kinases EPHA2, EPHA3, EPHA4, EPHA5, EPHA6 and EPHA7. Also binds with low affinity to EPHA1. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18794797, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19525919, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20505120}.
Tissue SpecificityBrain. Down-regulated in primary glioma tissues compared to the normal tissues. The soluble monomeric form is expressed in the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and breast cancer cells (at protein level). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17332925}.
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