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MGP002111

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Namenitric oxide synthase 2, inducible
Protein EntryNOS2_HUMAN
UniProt IDP35228
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Alternative ProductsEvent=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; Name=1; IsoId=P35228-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; IsoId=P35228-2; Sequence=VSP_003582, VSP_003583;
Catalytic Activity2 L-arginine + 3 NADPH + 4 O(2) = 2 L- citrulline + 2 nitric oxide + 3 NADP(+) + 4 H(2)O.
CofactorName=5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:15372; Evidence={ECO:0000250}; Note=Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). May stabilize the dimeric form of the enzyme. {ECO:0000250};
CofactorName=FAD; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57692; Evidence={ECO:0000250}; Note=Binds 1 FAD. {ECO:0000250};
CofactorName=FMN; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:58210; Evidence={ECO:0000250}; Note=Binds 1 FMN. {ECO:0000250};
CofactorName=heme; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:30413; Evidence={ECO:0000250};
Enzyme RegulationRegulated by calcium/calmodulin. Aspirin inhibits expression and function of this enzyme and effects may be exerted at the level of translational/post-translational modification and directly on the catalytic activity (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
FunctionProduces nitric oxide (NO) which is a messenger molecule with diverse functions throughout the body. In macrophages, NO mediates tumoricidal and bactericidal actions. Also has nitrosylase activity and mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of cytoplasmic target proteins such COX2.
InductionBy endotoxins and cytokines. Induced by IFNG/IFN-gamma acting synergistically with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), TNF or IL1B/interleukin-1 beta. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7528267}.
PolymorphismNote=Genetic variations in NOS2 are involved in resistance to malaria [MIM:611162].
SimilarityBelongs to the NOS family. {ECO:0000305}.
SimilarityContains 1 FAD-binding FR-type domain. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00716}.
SimilarityContains 1 flavodoxin-like domain. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00088}.
SubunitHomodimer. Binds SLC9A3R1.
Tissue SpecificityExpressed in the liver, retina, bone cells and airway epithelial cells of the lung. Not expressed in the platelets.
Web ResourceName=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/nos2a/";
Web ResourceName=Wikipedia; Note=Nitric oxide synthase entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitric_oxide_synthase";
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