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MGP002308

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Namephospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)
Protein EntryPA24A_HUMAN
UniProt IDP47712
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Biophysicochemical PropertiesKinetic parameters: Vmax=2.7 umol/min/mg enzyme for the phospholipase A2 reaction {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8083230}; Vmax=4.6 umol/min/mg enzyme for the lysophosphatase reaction {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8083230};
Catalytic Activity2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate.
Catalytic ActivityPhosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = 1- acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate.
DiseaseNote=PLA2G4A mutations resulting in phospholipase A2 deficiency have been found in a patient affected by recurrent episodes of multiple complicated ulcers of the small intestine, not due to cyclooxygenase inhibitors use. Disease features also include platelet dysfunction, and globally decreased eicosanoid synthesis (PubMed:18451993). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18451993}.
DomainThe N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. It modulates enzyme activity by presenting the active site to its substrate in response to elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9430701, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9665851}.
Enzyme RegulationStimulated by agonists such as ATP, EGF, thrombin and bradykinin as well as by cytosolic Ca(2+).
FunctionSelectively hydrolyzes arachidonyl phospholipids in the sn-2 position releasing arachidonic acid. Together with its lysophospholipid activity, it is implicated in the initiation of the inflammatory response.
PtmActivated by phosphorylation at both Ser-505 and Ser-727. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16964243, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18669648, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20068231, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21406692, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8381049, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9468497}.
SimilarityContains 1 C2 domain. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00041}.
SimilarityContains 1 PLA2c domain. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- ProRule:PRU00555}.
Subcellular LocationCytoplasm. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Note=Translocates to membrane vesicles in a calcium-dependent fashion.
SubunitInteracts with KAT5. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10319815, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11416127, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9430701, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9665851}.
Tissue SpecificityExpressed in various tissues such as macrophages, platelets, neutrophils, fibroblasts and lung endothelium.
Web ResourceName=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/PLA2G4AID41733ch1q31.html";
Web ResourceName=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/pla2g4a/";
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