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MGP005104

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Namegeminin, DNA replication inhibitor
Protein EntryGEMI_HUMAN
UniProt IDO75496
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
Developmental StageAbsent during G1 phase, accumulates during S, G2, and M phases, and disappears at the time of the metaphase- anaphase transition. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9635433}.
FunctionInhibits DNA replication by preventing the incorporation of MCM complex into pre-replication complex (pre-RC). It is degraded during the mitotic phase of the cell cycle. Its destruction at the metaphase-anaphase transition permits replication in the succeeding cell cycle.
FunctionInhibits the transcriptional activity of a subset of Hox proteins, enrolling them in cell proliferative control.
InteractionQ9H211:CDT1; NbExp=11; IntAct=EBI-371669, EBI-456953; D6RGH6:MCIDAS; NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-371669, EBI-3954372;
PtmPhosphorylated during mitosis. Phosphorylation at Ser-184 by CK2 results in enhanced binding to Hox proteins and more potent inhibitory effect on Hox transcriptional activity. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18669648, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22615398, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22645314}.
Sequence CautionSequence=CAC21511.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
SimilarityBelongs to the geminin family. {ECO:0000305}.
Subcellular LocationCytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Mainly cytoplasmic but can be relocalized to the nucleus.
SubunitHomotetramer. Interacts with CDT1; this inhibits binding of the MCM complex to origins of replication. The complex with CDT1 exists in two forms, a "permissive" heterotrimer and an "inhibitory" heterohexamer. Interacts (via coiled-coil domain) with IDAS (via coiled-coil domain); this targets GMNN to the nucleus. The heterodimer formed by GMNN and MCIDAS has much lower affinity for CDT1 than the GMNN homodimer. Interacts with a subset of Hox proteins, affinity increasing from anterior to posterior types, the strongest interaction being with HOXB1, HOXC9 and HOXD10. Interacts with LRWD1 from G1/S to mitosis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14993212, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15260975, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15313623, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15378034, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19906994, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21543332, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22615398, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22645314, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24064211}.
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