MGP Database

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MGP000100

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Nameangiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8)
Protein EntryANGT_HUMAN
UniProt IDP01019
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
CautionIt is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-10 is the initiator. {ECO:0000305}.
DiseaseEssential hypertension (EHT) [MIM:145500]: A condition in which blood pressure is consistently higher than normal with no identifiable cause. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
DiseaseRenal tubular dysgenesis (RTD) [MIM:267430]: Autosomal recessive severe disorder of renal tubular development characterized by persistent fetal anuria and perinatal death, probably due to pulmonary hypoplasia from early-onset oligohydramnios (the Potter phenotype). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16116425}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
FunctionAngiotensin 1-7: is a ligand for the G-protein coupled receptor MAS1. Has vasodilator and antidiuretic effects. Has an antithrombotic effect that involves MAS1-mediated release of nitric oxide from platelets. {ECO:0000250}.
FunctionAngiotensin-2: acts directly on vascular smooth muscle as a potent vasoconstrictor, affects cardiac contractility and heart rate through its action on the sympathetic nervous system, and alters renal sodium and water absorption through its ability to stimulate the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone.
FunctionAngiotensin-3: stimulates aldosterone release.
FunctionEssential component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a potent regulator of blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis.
InteractionP30556:AGTR1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-6622938, EBI-6623016; P25095:Agtr1 (xeno); NbExp=10; IntAct=EBI-751728, EBI-764979; P50052:AGTR2; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-2927577, EBI-1748067; Q10714:Ance (xeno); NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-751728, EBI-115736;
PtmBeta-decarboxylation of Asp-34 in angiotensin-2, by mononuclear leukocytes produces alanine. The resulting peptide form, angiotensin-A, has the same affinity for the AT1 receptor as angiotensin-2, but a higher affinity for the AT2 receptor. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17138938}.
PtmIn response to low blood pressure, the enzyme renin/REN cleaves angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin-1. Angiotensin-1 is a substrate of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) that removes a dipeptide to yield the physiologically active peptide angiotensin- 2. Angiotensin-1 and angiotensin-2 can be further processed to generate angiotensin-3, angiotensin-4. Angiotensin 1-9 is cleaved from angiotensin-1 by ACE2 and can be further processed by ACE to produce angiotensin 1-7, angiotensin 1-5 and angiotensin 1-4. Angiotensin 1-7 has also been proposed to be cleaved from angiotensin-2 by ACE2 or from angiotensin-1 by MME (neprilysin). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10969042, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11815627}.
PtmThe disulfide bond is labile. Angiotensinogen is present in the circulation in a near 40:60 ratio with the oxidized disulfide- bonded form, which preferentially interacts with receptor-bound renin.
SimilarityBelongs to the serpin family. {ECO:0000305}.
Subcellular LocationSecreted.
SubunitDuring pregnancy, exists as a disulfide-linked 2:2 heterotetramer with the proform of PRG2 and as a complex (probably a 2:2:2 heterohexamer) with pro-PRG2 and C3dg. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20927107, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7539791}.
Tissue SpecificityExpressed by the liver and secreted in plasma.
Web ResourceName=SHMPD; Note=The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database; URL="http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=AGT";
Web ResourceName=Wikipedia; Note=Angiotensin entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin";
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