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MGP002778

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information
Gene Namechemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5
Protein Entry
UniProt ID
SpeciesHuman
Comments
Comment typeDescription
FunctionChemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T-helper cells and eosinophils. Causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. One of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. Recombinant RANTES protein induces a dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2, and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The processed form RANTES(3-68) acts as a natural chemotaxis inhibitor and is a more potent inhibitor of HIV-1- infection. The second processed form RANTES(4-68) exhibits reduced chemotactic and HIV-suppressive activity compared with RANTES(1- 68) and RANTES(3-68) and is generated by an unidentified enzyme associated with monocytes and neutrophils (PubMed:16791620, PubMed:1380064, PubMed:8525373, PubMed:9516414, PubMed:15923218). May also be an agonist of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR75, stimulating inositol trisphosphate production and calcium mobilization through its activation. Together with GPR75, may play a role in neuron survival through activation of a downstream signaling pathway involving the PI3, Akt and MAP kinases. By activating GPR75 may also play a role in insulin secretion by islet cells (PubMed:23979485). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1380064, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15923218, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16791620, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17001303, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23979485, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8525373, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9516414}.
InductionBy mitogens.
InteractionP51681:CCR5; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-2848366, EBI-489374;
Mass SpectrometryMass=7515; Mass_error=1; Method=SELDI; Range=27-91; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:15923218};
Mass SpectrometryMass=7862.8; Mass_error=1.1; Method=Electrospray; Range=24-91; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:1380064};
Mass SpectrometryMass=8355; Mass_error=10; Method=Electrospray; Range=24-91; Note=O-glycosylated.; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:1380064};
PolymorphismThe variant Phe-24 is an antagonist of the chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR3.
PtmN-terminal processed form RANTES(3-68) is produced by proteolytic cleavage, probably by DPP4, after secretion from peripheral blood leukocytes and cultured sarcoma cells. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9516414}.
PtmThe identity of the O-linked saccharides at Ser-27 and Ser-28 are not reported in PubMed:1380064. They are assigned by similarity. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1380064}.
SimilarityBelongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family. {ECO:0000305}.
Subcellular LocationSecreted.
Tissue SpecificityT-cell and macrophage specific.
Web ResourceName=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/ccl5/";
Web ResourceName=Wikipedia; Note=RANTES entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RANTES";
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